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Visitor Visa checklist: Everything you need to apply and visit Canada

A visitor visa is needed to come to Canada as a tourist, or on a quick trip to visit family, or do business for individuals of many countries.

Anyone who is not a permanent or temporary resident of Canada (those with a work or study permit) will need a visitor visa to enter the country. However, citizens of certain countries do not need a visitor visa and can instead pursue an electronic Travel Authorization (eTA). eTAs are a more streamlined form or travel authorisation available to nationals of countries that have visa-free travel agreements with Canada. For answers to common questions on eTAs, click here .

Discover if You Are Eligible for Canadian Immigration

What is needed to get a Canadian visitor visa?

1. Complete the needed forms

Depending on whether you are applying inside or outside of Canada, you will need to fill in different forms. Those applying outside of Canada will require:

• Application for temporary resident visa (IMM 5257);
• Family information form (IMM 5707);
• Statutory declaration of common-law union (IMM 5409);
• Use of representative (IMM 5476)—Note this is only required if you have used the services of a representative, or if you are appointing or cancelling use of a representative; and
• Authority to release personal information to a designated individual (IMM 5475)—Note this form is only required if you authorise Immigration Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) or the Canadian Border Services Agency (CBSA) to release information from your case file to someone other than yourself (i.e.: a representative or authorised relative).

2. Collect the needed documentation

In addition to the above forms, applicants for a visitor visa will need to following documentation in support of their request:

• Receipt of fee payment;
• A photocopy of the information page of your passport, including: the passport number, issuance and expiry dates, and your photo, name, issue date, and place of birth;
• Two photos meeting the requirements of the visa application photograph specifications . On the back of these two photos applicants must write their name and date of birth. If applicants are required to provide biometric fingerprints and photo they do not have to attach these photos;
• Proof of financial support, proving that you can support yourself and any family member accompanying you while you are in Canada;
• Photocopy of your marriage license or certificate (if relevant);
• Letter explaining the purpose of your travel;
• Photocopy of your current immigration status (if your country of residence differs from the country of citizenship listed on your passport, you must provide proof of legal status in your country of residence);
• Minors travelling alone or with one parent must provide custody documents or a letter of authorisation from the other non-accompanying parent of a letter of authorisation signed by both parent or legal guardians; and
• Any other additional documents required by the responsible visa office in your region.

Note that application forms completed online must be completed and validated with the generation of a barcode. If completed on a computer, these barcodes will be automatically attached to the immigration forms, otherwise they must be printed and placed at the top of an application if applying by paper.

How to pay required fees and prove fee payment to IRCC

There are two kinds of fees that applicants for a visitor visa may need to pay. These are application processing fees, and biometric fees. Those who do not need to provide biometrics may be exempt from the second set of fees—find out if you need to give biometrics here .

Application processing fees for visitor visas are $100 CAD per person, and $500 CAD for a family (five or more people).

Biometrics fees on the other hand are $85 CAD per person, and $170 per family (two or more people).

These fees may be subject to change and cannot be refunded regardless of the decision reached on your application. In addition, the only accepted method to pay these fees is online.

After following the given instructions and completing the process, you must wait until an official IRCC receipt is issued with a barcode. Applicants are advised to save this file and attach a copy of it to their application.

How to provide proof of financial support

There are several documents that you can use to prove that you can support yourself and any dependents that accompany you while you are visiting Canada.

Some examples include cash, certified cheque, bank draft, or money order in a large enough amount to cover all reasonable expenses incurred during your stay in Canada.

In addition, written or verbal statements (which can be verified) can also be used, provided that they satisfy an officer that sufficient financial support from friends and/or family has been arranged and can cover reasonable incurable expenses during your stay.

Other documents include bank statements, a letter of employment or previous tax filing information,

How to write a “purpose of travel” letter

All foreign nationals entering Canada must be able to satisfy an officer at their time of entry that they have legitimate reasons to enter and reside in Canada. In the context of a visitor visa, this can often also include proving that you (the foreign national) will leave Canada once the period of your authorised stay expires.

In some cases, visitor visa applicants may also need a letter of invitation from a Canadian citizen or permanent resident .

Applying with family members

Visitor visa applicants wishing to bring their family with them on their trip to Canada must complete an application form for each family member. All applications may be submitted together online or at the VAC where you will send your application on paper. A single receipt may also be given for all included applications.

Lastly all family members and dependents must meet all requirements for temporary residence in Canada.

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2021-02-03T12:00:00

2023-08-25T05:38:00

Plan your unforgettable Canadian adventure with ease! Discover how to apply for a tourist visa to Canada and explore its stunning

Everything You Need to Know About Canada's Tourist Visa

Kelia Losa Reinoso is a qualified content writer with a Master of Arts degree in Journalism and Media Studies

Dreaming of experiencing Canada's breathtaking landscapes, vibrant cities, and diverse culture? Embarking on a journey to this captivating country starts with understanding the ins and outs of obtaining a tourist visa.

Whether you're planning a short visit to reconnect with family, explore stunning natural wonders, or discover urban delights, this comprehensive guide will provide you with all the essential information you need to navigate the process seamlessly.

From eligibility criteria and application procedures to travel restrictions and tips for a successful application, we've got you covered. Let us unravel everything you need to know about tourist visas for Canada with your top questions answered below.

Canada's Tourist Visa: Your Questions Answered

You may be wondering how you can visit Canada and what procedure you need to follow. Get ready to uncover all the answers as we dive into the details of tourist visas, from eligibility and application procedures to travel tips and restrictions.

What is Canada’s Tourist Visa?

In essence, it allows you to travel to and around Canada for a limited period, typically up to 6 months. It's important to note that while on a tourist visa, engaging in work or study activities is prohibited, aligning with the visa's intended scope and restrictions. Its primary purpose is to enable tourists to experience Canada's wonders and connect with its way of life.

What is the Difference Between a Tourist Visa and an eTA?

When planning a trip to Canada, it's crucial to understand the distinction between a Tourist Visa and an Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA). These two entry permits serve different purposes and apply to different travelers.

Tourist Visa

A Tourist Visa, also known as a Visitor Visa, is a traditional visa that allows foreign nationals to enter Canada for a temporary stay, typically up to six months. It's a document placed in your passport and is obtained through a Canadian consulate or embassy. Tourist Visas are typically required for citizens of countries that are not visa-exempt or eligible for an eTA.

eTA (Electronic Travel Authorization)

An eTA, on the other hand, is an electronic entry requirement designed for visa-exempt foreign nationals who are traveling to Canada by air. It's a simpler and faster way to gain entry clearance than a full-fledged visa. The eTA is electronically linked to your passport and is valid for up to five years or until your passport expires, whichever comes first. It's crucial to note that the eTA is only applicable if you're flying to Canada; if you're arriving by land or sea, you won't need an eTA.

How do I Apply for a Canada Tourist Visa?

Step 1: Complete Online Application

Visit the official Canadian immigration website and fill out the tourist visa application form accurately.

Step 2: Gather Required Documents

Collect necessary documents such as a valid passport, travel itinerary, proof of funds, travel history, and a letter of invitation (if applicable).

Step 3: Pay the Application Fee

Pay the required visa application fee through the online portal using a valid payment method.

Step 4: Biometrics Appointment

Schedule and attend a biometrics appointment at a local Application Support Center (ASC) if instructed.

Step 5: Submit Application

Submit your completed application form and supporting documents online through the official portal.

Step 6: Wait for Processing

Wait for your application to be processed. This may take several weeks, so be patient.

Step 7: Attend Visa Interview (if required)

If asked, attend an interview at the nearest Canadian consulate or embassy.

Step 8: Receive Visa Decision

You will be notified of the visa decision. If approved, follow the instructions to receive your passport with the visa.

What Documents Do I Need For a Tourist Visa?

How much does the canadian tourist visa cost.

A Canadian tourist visa otherwise known as a visitor visa or even a temporary resident visa costs CAD100 and allows you to stay in Canada for up to 6 months but is valid for ten years or until your passport expires. If it’s your first time applying for a Canadian visa, you must include your biometrics (fingerprints and photos) at an additional cost of CAD85.

Who is Eligible for a Canada eTA?

If you are a citizen of a country that is visa-exempt in Canada, then you are eligible for an eTA and you will need one to in order to get into the country. Those who are not visa-exempt will need to apply for tourist visas. The list of eTA eligible countries are listed in the table below:

How Do I Apply for an eTA?

Step 1: visit the official website.

Go to the official Canadian government website dedicated to eTA applications.

Step 2: Check Eligibility

Ensure you meet the eligibility criteria for an eTA. Most travelers from visa-exempt countries require an eTA to enter Canada by air.

Step 3: Gather Documents

Have your valid passport, a credit card, and your travel details ready.

Step 4: Start Application

Begin the online application by providing personal information, passport details, and travel plans.

Step 5: Answer Questions

Respond to a few questions about your health, criminal history, and travel purposes.

Step 6: Submit Payment

Pay the eTA processing fee using a credit card. The fee is typically lower than a traditional visa.

Step 7: Review and Submit

Carefully review the information you've provided before submitting the application.

Step 8: Wait for Approval

In most cases, you'll receive a decision within minutes. However, it's recommended to apply at least a few days before your departure.

Step 9: Check Your Email

If approved, you'll get an email with your eTA confirmation. It's electronically linked to your passport.

Step 10: Travel to Canada

Board your flight to Canada. When you arrive, the airline staff will verify your eTA before you can board.

Does Canada have any COVID-19 Travel Restrictions?

As of October 1, 2022, the border measures related to COVID-19 have ceased for all individuals arriving or coming back to Canada via air, land, or sea.

Top Tourist Destinations in Canada

Now that you know how to visit Canada, let’s get you excited about traveling around the Great White North. Whether you’re exploring Canada with a group tour or planning your own itinerary, here are some of the must-see sights in Canada.

The Cabot Trail is one of the Seven Wonders of Canada and is located in Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia. With 26 hiking trails that range from easy strolls to challenging climbs - all leading to panoramic views of canyons, highlands, waterfalls, and coastlines, you have plenty of hiking adventures to plan in Cape Breton.

Ski at Whistler Blackcomb

Whistler Blackcomb is the largest ski resort in North America located in Whistler, British Columbia. Plan your ski trip from January to March right in time for fresh snowfall and the best skiing and/or snowboarding experience. The resort further offers sophisticated lounge-style restaurants and bars where you can feast with incredible views of Blackcomb Mountain.

Sightsee in Old Montreal

If hiking and action-packed snow activities do not tickle your fancy, you might enjoy exploring the quaint cobblestone streets and architecture from the 16th century in Montreal - Quebec’s largest-French speaking city. A visit to the city is not complete without a stop at the Notre-Dame Basilica and Habitat 67. And don’t forget to indulge your sweet tooth with a frozen maple syrup lollipop from Sugar Shack.

Take a Cruise to Niagara Falls

Niagara Falls are world-famous waterfalls situated in Ontario, Niagara Falls. It’s one of the top tourist destinations in Canada, and for good reason. The thundering of 3,160 tons of water every second gives any spectator goosebumps. You can choose how you want to experience this natural world wonder with many unique and exciting activities that can be pre-booked on Tripadvisor, like a cruise that takes you as close as possible to the falls.

Inside Banff National Park you’d discover plenty of gems, including Lake Louise. The famous crystal clear turquoise water makes it one of the most Instragrammable lakes in the world. Canoeing is an iconic activity for travelers visiting Canada, and for CAD105, you and three friends can hire a canoe for one hour to paddle across Lake Louise, take in incredible nature, and spot small creatures in the park.

Chill at a Hip Gastown Bar in Van-City

Gastown is Vancouver's oldest neighborhood that seamlessly combines old style with contemporary elements. It’s home to the hottest restaurants and bars, making it a great pick for an incredible night out. You’ll also enjoy shopping at the city's independent fashion boutiques and modern gift stores while exploring the many art galleries that line the cobblestone streets.

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Entry requirements

This information is for people travelling on a full ‘British citizen’ passport from the UK. It is based on the UK government’s understanding of Canada’s current rules for the most common types of travel. 

The authorities in Canada set and enforce entry rules. If you’re not sure how these requirements apply to you, contact the Canadian High Commission in the UK .

COVID-19 rules

There are no COVID-19 testing or vaccination requirements for travellers entering Canada.

Passport validity requirements

To enter Canada, your passport must be valid for the length of your planned stay.

If you’re travelling through another country on your way to or from Canada, check the entry requirements for that country. Many countries will only allow entry if you have at least 6 months validity remaining on your passport. 

Visa requirements

To enter or transit through Canada, most people need a visa or an Electronic Travel Authorization ( eTA ) – not both.

Check if you need a visa or an eTA online .

You do not need a visa for short visits (normally up to 6 months). You may need an eTA instead.

You do not need an eTA , if you are:

• arriving by land and sea – you must have acceptable travel documents and ID
• a British-Canadian dual national – you must have a valid Canadian passport

See Canada’s entry requirements for full details of eTA and visa requirements.

Contact the Canadian High Commission in the UK if you are unsure about visa requirements or your eligibility to enter the country, for example, if you have a criminal record or have been arrested.

Checks at border control

Canadian border officials may ask you to show a return or onward ticket and proof that you have sufficient funds to support yourself for the duration of your stay, even if you are staying with family or friends.

Visas for permanent residence, study or work

See information on visas for permanent residence, study or work in Canada .  

Transiting through Canada

If you are travelling through Canada (transiting) by air, you must have an eTA or a transit visa.     

If you have questions, contact:

• your airline
• Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
• your nearest Canadian high commission, embassy or consulate

Find out more about transiting Canada .

Visa and eTA scams

Some unauthorised websites charge for submitting visa applications. These websites are not associated with the Canadian government.

You can check your eTA status online with the Canadian government . If it has been 72 hours since you applied, and you have not received confirmation of your application, complete an enquiry form .   

Travelling with children

If a child travels alone or with only one parent or legal guardian, they should carry a letter of consent from the non-travelling parents or guardians. Immigration officers have the right to question children using simple and appropriate language to see if there are any concerns about child abduction.

For more information, check with the Canadian High Commission in the UK or the Canada Border Services Agency .

Vaccine requirements

For details about medical entry requirements and recommended vaccinations, see TravelHealthPro’s Canada guide . 

Customs rules

There are strict rules about goods you can take into or out of Canada . You must declare anything that may be prohibited or subject to tax or duty.

The Canadian authorities will confiscate banned food products and you could get a fine. For more information, see importing food, plants or animals to Canada .

If you visit a farm or have contact with wild animals before entering Canada, and plan to visit a farm during your stay, you must declare this on your Customs Declaration Card. For more information, see biosecurity at the Canadian border .

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Visa Traveler

Exploring the world one country at a time

Canada tourist visa: Requirements and application procedure

Updated: September 8, 2023

Canada tourist visa requirements are easy to understand. The entire visa application process is online. Canada typically issues long-term multiple-entry visas valid for 5 to 10 years.

Even if you are not planning on traveling to Canada right away, getting a Canadian tourist visa can be useful for two reasons.

• Canada visitor visas are typically long-term visas (5 to 10 years). Apply for one now and you will have it for the next 10 years.
• Quite a few countries including Mexico, Costa Rica and Panama EXEMPT visa for those with a Canadian multiple entry visa.

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CANADA TOURIST VISA REQUIREMENTS BY NATIONALITY

Minimum passport validity to enter Canada as a tourist

Passport must be valid for the entire stay in Canada

Example: If you will be entering Canada on Feb 10 and will be leaving Canada on Feb 25, your passport must be valid till Feb 25.

Visa EXEMPT nationalities (eTA not required)

• United States

Visa EXEMPT nationalities (eTA required)

• Must apply for Canada eTA prior to arrival in Canada by air
• Canada eTA is not required if traveling by land from the US
• Antigua and Barbuda
• British Virgin Islands
• Cayman Islands
• Czech Republic
• Falkland Islands
• Liechtenstein
• Netherlands
• New Zealand
• Papua New Guinea
• Solomon Islands
• South Korea
• Switzerland
• Turks and Caicos Islands
• United Kingdom
• Vatican City

Visa REQUIRED nationalities

• Afghanistan
• Bosnia-Herzegovina
• Burkina Faso
• Central African Republic
• Congo (Democratic Republic of)
• Congo (Republic of)
• Dominican Republic
• El Salvador
• Equatorial Guinea 
• Guinea-Bissau
• Ivory Coast
• Marshall Islands
• North Korea
• Philippines
• Sao Tome and Principe
• Saudi Arabia
• Sierra Leone
• South Africa
• South Sudan
• St. Vincent and the Grenadines
• St. Kitts and Nevis
• Timor-Leste
• Trinidad and Tobago
• Turkmenistan
• United Arab Emirates

Visa EXEMPT with US Green card

• Must hold a valid US Green card
• Canada eTA is NOT REQUIRED if traveling by land from the US
• All nationalities

Visa EXEMPT with US visa or expired Canada tourist visa

• Must hold a valid used/unused multiple-entry US non-immigrant visa (B1, B2, B1/B2, F1, J1, H1, L1) (OR) an expired Canadian visitor visa (TRV) held in the past 10 years
• Must apply for Canada eTA prior to arrival in Canada
• Applicable to air travel only

CANADA eTA (ELECTRONIC TRAVEL AUTHORIZATION)

Canada eTA is a travel authorization that needs to be obtained online prior to traveling to Canada. 

Canada eTA is MANDATORY for all visa EXEMPT nationalities.

Who needs Canada eTA?

Canada eTA is REQUIRED for all visa EXEMPT nationalities entering Canada for tourism or transit. If you are visa EXEMPT, you DO NOT NEED a visa but you REQUIRE an eTA to enter Canada.

Who does not need an eTA?

The following does not need an eTA to enter Canada.

• Canadian dual citizens
• Canadian permanent residents
• United States passport holders
• Passport holders with a valid Canadian visa (tourist, student, work, etc)

Is Canada eTA a visa?

No. Canada eTA is NOT a visa. It’s just an online authorization that you would need to obtain prior to your trip to Canada. 

Can you use ESTA to enter Canada?

You CANNOT use ESTA (United States Electronic System for Travel Authorization) to enter Canada. ESTA is a travel authorization to enter the US. It cannot be used for Canada. Even if you hold a valid ESTA, you would still need to apply for eTA to travel to Canada.

Canada eTA validity

Canada eTA is valid for 5 years or until the expiry of your current passport, whichever is earlier. eTA is also linked to a specific passport, so if you get a new passport for any reason, you must apply for a new eTA. 

How long can you stay in Canada with an eTA?

You can stay up to 6 months in Canada with an eTA. 

How many times can you enter Canada with an eTA?

Canada eTA is multiple-entry and valid for 5 years. Once you obtain your eTA, you can travel to Canada as many times as you want within that 5 years period.

Canada eTA application process

You can apply for Canada eTA online at Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) website. 

NOTE Flight tickets and hotel bookings are not required for eTA. Apply for eTA before you purchase your flight tickets or book any hotels.

Documents required for Canada eTA

• Credit/debit card

Canada eTA fee

Canada eTA fee is $7 CAD. The fee must be paid using a credit or debit card in CAD only. Since the fee is in CAD, your bank may charge a foreign transaction fee. 

Canada eTA processing time

Canada eTA processing takes only a few minutes. In rare cases, it can take several days if additional documentation or an interview is required. IRCC will contact you with instructions in such cases. 

Canada eTA status

You can check your Canada eTA status on eTA Status Tool provided by IRCC. After your eTA is approved, you can use this tool to check the validity and print a copy if needed.

If it has been over 72 hours since you applied and there has been no status update, you can contact customer service using the IRCC Webform .

Documents to carry when entering Canada on an eTA

• Original passport
• Return or onward flight ticket

Your passport must be valid for at least 6 months from the day of arrival in Canada. 

Proof of onward ticket can be printed or soft-copy on your phone. If you are traveling on a one-way ticket, get proof of an onward ticket from OnwardTicket .

NOTE A copy of your approved eTA is not required to carry. Canadian immigration officers and airline staff will have access to the Canada eTA system and they can verify your eTA using your passport number.

CANADA TOURIST VISA (TRV)

A Canada tourist visa or visitor visa is formally known as Canada Temporary Resident Visa (Canada TRV). You need a Canada TRV if you are from a visa REQUIRED nationality. 

Canada tourist visas can be applied either ONLINE or by mailing a PAPER application to the consulate. 

I highly recommend applying ONLINE. This guide focuses on the online application only. There are several advantages to applying online. It’s fast. It ensures everything is complete and correct. You only need to send your passport after your visa is approved. 

Validity of Canada tourist visa

Canada tourist visas are usually issued for 10 years or until the expiration of your current passport. 

• Your passport expiry: Nov 14, 2029
• Applied for your Canada visa online: Feb 01, 2020
• Given your biometrics: Feb 04, 2020
• Received a notification that your visa is approved: Mar 01, 2020
• Submitted your passport to your nearest VAC: Mar 07, 2020
• Picked up your passport with visa sticker: Mar 20, 2020

Your visa will be valid from March 01, 2020, to Nov 14, 2029.

Date of issue: Mar 01, 2020

Date of expiry: Nov 14, 2029

NOTE If your passport is expiring soon, renew your passport first. And then apply for your Canada tourist visa, that way you can get the tourist visa for 10 years. 

When to apply for Canada tourist visa

You can apply for Canada tourist visa up to 3 months in advance.

Example: If you plan to visit the UK on April 15, you can apply for your Canada visa on or after January 16.

IMPORTANT Canada visa process can take up to 30 calendar days or even longer in some cases. I strongly recommend applying for your Canada visa at least 2 months in advance.

How long can you stay in Canada on a tourist visa

You can stay in Canada for up to 6 months or until your passport expires, whichever comes first. Occasionally, the immigration officers at the airport write an exit date on your entry stamp. This exit date can be less than 6 months. You must exit Canada within the exit date. 

How many times can you enter Canada on a tourist visa?

Canada tourist visas are usually multiple-entry, valid for 10 years or until your passport expires. You can travel to Canada as many times as you like within the expiry of your tourist visa. 

Canada tourist visa application process

The first step in Canada visitor visa application is to create a Government of Canada (GC) login called GCKey .

Once you have created your GCKey and signed in, you can start your visitor visa application. You can save an incomplete application and come back later to complete it.

Here are the steps to complete Canada tourist visa application.

• Create a GCKey and sign in to the CIC website
• Select visitor visa
• Fill in the mandatory details and save
• Download all Canada visa application forms
• Fill and electronically sign the application forms
• Upload filled and signed application forms
• Upload supporting documents
• Pay the visa fee
• Pay biometrics fee
• Submit the application
• Give your biometrics are your nearest VAC
• Check the status of your application
• On approval, submit or mail your passport to your nearest VAC
• Receive or pick up your passport with Canada visa

Documents required for Canada tourist visa

The following documents are required for Canada tourist visa.

• Completed and signed Temporary Resident Visa (TRV) Application “Form IMM5257” 
• Completed family information “Form IMM5645”
• Proof of financial support (last 4-month bank statements or payslips or employment letter)
• Copy of your passport (first and last page)
• Purpose of travel (round-trip flight tickets and hotel bookings)
• Travel history (all pages with visas/stamps from your old and new passport in the last 10 years)
• Completed “Schedule 1 Form 5257”
• Letter of explanation of your trip (optional, a cover letter explaining your purpose of travel to Canada)

All forms can be downloaded from your application page. 

Provide all pages of your old and new passports that have stamps or visas. This will ensure you have a considerable travel history.

NOTE If you have traveled to Canada in the last 10 years or hold a valid US non-immigrant visa, your application may be processed in 2 to 5 working days under the CAN+ program.

What is CAN+ visa program?

Canada Immigration and Citizenship (CIC) has started asking applicants for visas, stamps and travel history for the last 10 years.

Applicants who have traveled to Canada in the last 10 years or hold a valid US non-immigrant visa are considered for CAN+ expedited program. If qualified, some additional documentation is not required and the application is processed within 2-5 working days.

At the beginning of your application, you will be asked questions specific to previous travel to Canada and the United States to determine your eligibility. You will be asked to upload less documentation if you are determined as eligible. 

Even though you qualify for the CAN+ expedited program, your application may take several days to process. There are many factors involved. So do not count on the CAN+ program. Instead, follow the current processing times and apply for Canada visitor visa well in advance.

Canada tourist visa fee

Canada tourist visa fee is $100 CAD. The fee must be paid using a credit or debit card in CAD only. Since the fee is in CAD, your bank may charge a foreign transaction fee. 

Biometric procedure

Biometrics are mandatory for all Canada tourist visa applicants. Your fingerprints are scanned and your photograph is taken during the biometric appointment. 

NOTE Biometrics are valid for 10 years. If you have given your biometrics in the last 10 years as part of a Canada visitor, work or study visa, you are NOT REQUIRED to give your biometrics again. 

You can use the Biometric Validity Tool on the IRCC website to check if your biometrics are still valid.

If your biometrics are still valid, you do not need to pay the biometric fee and do not need to give biometrics.

The following are the steps for biometrics.

STEP 1: Pay your biometric fee

The biometric fee for Canada tourist visa is $85 CAD. The fee must be paid using a credit or debit card in CAD only. 

You can pay the biometric fee when you submit your visa application or at a later time. It’s highly recommended to pay your biometric fee when you submit your visa application. Paying later will delay your biometrics and eventually your visa process. 

STEP 2: Receive biometric instruction letter within 24 hours

If you have paid your biometric fee when submitting your visa application, you will receive your biometric instruction letter within 24 hours of application submission.

STEP 3: Schedule biometric appointment at your nearest VAC

After you receive your biometric instruction letter, you will have 30 days to give your biometrics. Failing to give biometrics within 30 days will result in visa refusal. 

Follow the instructions in your biometric instruction letter and schedule a biometric appointment at your nearest Visa Application Center (VAC) or Application Support Center (ASC) . 

Once you schedule your biometric appointment, you will receive a biometric appointment confirmation letter from VAC or ASC. 

If you have temporary injuries on your fingers and/or your face, you must wait to give your biometrics. You should contact IRCC customer support to request additional time for your biometrics appointment. 

If you have permanent injuries on your fingers and/or face, you can continue with your biometrics appointment. The staff at VAC can scan as many fingers as possible and take your photograph. 

STEP 4: Gather documents for biometric appointment

Print your biometric instruction letter and biometric appointment confirmation. Some VACs require a consent form. If your VAC requires one, you will see instructions about it in your biometric appointment confirmation. 

STEP 4: Appear in-person at the VAC on your appointment day

On your appointment day, carry the following documents

• Biometric instruction letter 
• Biometric appointment confirmation
• Consent form (if required)

Your fingerprints will be scanned and your photo will be taken. To avoid any issues with your fingerprint or photo, follow the below instructions.

• Make sure your 10 fingers are free of any temporary injuries, cuts and cracks
• Make sure your 10 fingers are free of paint, oil, grease, etc.
• Make sure your face is free of any temporary injuries, sunglasses, hats, etc.
• Wear a bright color shirt or T-shirt

Visa processing time

Canada tourist visa processing can take up to 30 calendar days. Processing times vary by country, check the current processing times before applying. 

Follow the below steps to check the current visa processing times in your location. 

• Goto CIC Check processing times page
• For the question “Select an application type:”, select “Temporary residence (visiting, studying, working)”
• For the question “Which temporary residence application?”, select “Visitor visa (from outside Canada)”
• For the question “Where are you applying from?”, select the country where you have applied from
• Click on “Get processing time”

Visa application status tracking

You can check the status of your visa application by signing into your IRCC account. When there is a change in the status, you will receive an email alert. Then you can sign in to your IRCC account and check the status. 

If your application has been pending for too long, you can contact CIC using their IRCC Webform. Follow the below steps to contact CIC.

• Go to IRCC Web Form
• Click on “Tell us more”.
• For the question “Have you submitted an application for”, select option “Yes”
• For the question “Is your application being processed by an office OUTSIDE Canada”, select “Yes”
• For the question “Choose the visa office processing your application.”, select the country and city where you have applied
• Click on “Go to Web form”
• Then fill in the details and submit.

Priority visa service

There is no priority visa service for Canada tourist visa. Check current processing times and apply well in advance. You can apply for Canada tourist visa up to 3 months in advance.

If you traveled to Canada in the last 10 years or hold a valid US non-immigrant visa, your application MAY BE expedited under CAN+ program where your application will be processed in just a few days.

Processing your application in CAN+ expedited program is at the discretion of CIC. So, do not completely rely on that. Instead, follow the timeline and apply for Canada visitor visa at least 3 months before your travel.

Passport submission

When your Canada tourist visa application is approved, you will be notified via email. You must submit or mail your original passport to your nearest VAC or ASC. The VAC or ASC will then send your passport to the Consulate of Canada for the visa sticker.

Customer support

There is no dedicated customer service. You can track your application status online. If you have to contact CIC for any reason, use the IRCC Web Form . For other inquiries, you can contact your nearest VAC.

Application withdrawal

There is no formal procedure to withdraw your Canada tourist visa application. You can just abandon it. If you do not send your passport within 30 days of application approval, your application will be void anyway.

Also Read: 10 ways to get a flight itinerary for visa application in 2023

ENTERING AND LEAVING CANADA

Entering canada by air.

At your first airport in Canada, the immigration officers may ask you a few questions about your purpose of travel and the number of days you will stay in Canada.

You may be asked to show your return/onward ticket and your hotel booking. If you are traveling on a one-way ticket, make sure to get proof of onward ticket .

Leaving Canada by air

There is no exit procedure for Canada. After the security procedure, you can head straight to the departure gate

The US has set up its Customs and Immigration in some of the Canadian airports. So, if you will be traveling to the US from Canada, you may have to go through US immigration at the departure airport in Canada.

When you land in the US, you will just walk out as if it were a domestic flight.

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

What is GCKey on CIC website?

The Government of Canada Key (GCKey) is needed to access any of the Government of Canada’s online services, including Canada Immigration and Citizenship (CIC) website. Therefore, you need a GCKey to sign into the CIC website to apply for Canada tourist visa. GCKey is basically a username and password.

Why is my application not being processed in CAN+ expedited program

Even though you qualify for CAN+ expedited program, your application may take several days to process. The application process took more than 30 days for some readers with a travel history to Canada and/or hold US visas. There are many factors involved and ultimately it’s at the discretion of CIC whether to process your application quickly. 

My advice is to just follow the regular processing timeline. Check the current processing times and apply well in advance.

How relevant is travel history for Canada visa?

Travel history will improve your chances of visa approval. It can also speed up the process. If you have traveled to Canada in the last 10 years or hold a valid US visa, your application may be processed quickly under CAN+ expedited program.

Canada’s incredible geography attracts millions of tourists every year. Canada tourist visa requirements are clear and easy to understand. The application process is online. Canada typically issues long-term multiple-entry visas for 5 to 10 years.

WRITTEN BY THIRUMAL MOTATI

Thirumal Motati is an expert in tourist visa matters. He has been traveling the world on tourist visas for more than a decade. With his expertise, he has obtained several tourist visas, including the most strenuous ones such as the US, UK, Canada, and Schengen, some of which were granted multiple times. He has also set foot inside US consulates on numerous occasions. Mr. Motati has uncovered the secrets to successful visa applications. His guidance has enabled countless individuals to obtain their visas and fulfill their travel dreams. His statements have been mentioned in publications like Yahoo, BBC, The Hindu, and Travel Zoo.

PLAN YOUR TRAVEL WITH VISA TRAVELER

I highly recommend using these websites to plan your trip. I use these websites myself to apply for my visas, book my flights and hotels and purchase my travel insurance.

01. Apply for your visa

Get a verifiable flight itinerary for your visa application from DummyTicket247 . DummyTicket247 is a flight search engine to search and book flight itineraries for visas instantly. These flight itineraries are guaranteed to be valid for 2 weeks and work for all visa applications.

02. Book your fight

Find the cheapest flight tickets using Skyscanner . Skyscanner includes all budget airlines and you are guaranteed to find the cheapest flight to your destination.

03. Book your hotel

Book your hotel from Booking.com . Booking.com has pretty much every hotel, hostel and guesthouse from every destination.

04. Get your onward ticket

If traveling on a one-way ticket, use BestOnwardTicket to get proof of onward ticket for just $12, valid for 48 hours.

05. Purchase your insurance

Purchase travel medical insurance for your trip from HeyMondo . HeyMondo offers a 5% discount to Visa Traveler readers (use the link above), and covers all medical and travel emergencies during your trip.

Need more? Check out my travel resources page  for the best websites to plan your trip.

LEGAL DISCLAIMER We are not affiliated with immigration, embassies or governments of any country. The content in this article is for educational and general informational purposes only, and shall not be understood or construed as, visa, immigration or legal advice. Your use of information provided in this article is solely at your own risk and you expressly agree not to rely upon any information contained in this article as a substitute for professional visa or immigration advice. Under no circumstance shall be held liable or responsible for any errors or omissions in this article or for any damage you may suffer in respect to any actions taken or not taken based on any or all of the information in this article. Please refer to our full disclaimer for further information.

AFFILIATE DISCLOSURE This post may contain affiliate links, which means we may receive a commission, at no extra cost to you, if you make a purchase through a link. Please refer to our full disclosure for further information.

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Travel Advisory July 17, 2023

Canada - level 1: exercise normal precautions.

Reissued with obsolete COVID-19 page links removed.

Exercise normal precautions in Canada.

Read the Country Information page for additional information on travel to Canada.

If you decide to travel to Canada: 

• Enroll in the Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP) to receive Alerts and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
• Follow the Department of State on  Facebook and Twitter .
• Review the Country Security Report for Canada.
• Prepare a contingency plan for emergency situations.  Review the Traveler’s Checklist .
• Visit the CDC page for the latest Travel Health Information related to your travel.  Exercise normal precautions in Canada.

Embassy Messages

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Not required for stays under 180 days

Embassies and Consulates

U.S. Embassy Ottawa

490 Sussex Drive Ottawa, Ontario K1N 1G8 Canada Telephone:  +1 (613) 688-5335 Emergency After-Hours Telephone:  +1 (613) 238-5335 Fax:  +1 (613) 688-3082 Email:   [email protected]

The Ottawa consular district includes the counties of Kingston, Lanark, Leeds, Prescott, Refrew, Russell, and Stormont in Eastern Ontario, and those parts of the Québec regions of Outaouais and Abitibi-Témiscamingue near Ottawa.

U.S. Consulate General Montreal

1134 Rue Ste- Catherine West Montréal, Quebec H3B 1H4 Canada Telephone:  +1 (514) 398-9695 Emergency After-Hours Telephone:  +1 (416) 645-9124 Fax:  +1 (514) 398-9748 Email:  [email protected]

The Montreal consular district includes Greater Montreal and the regions of Southern Quebec Province (Laurentides, Lanaudiere, Laval, Montreal, Montregie, Estrie, and the southern parts of Centre-du-Quebec), including Joliete, Drummondville, and Sherbrooke.

U.S. Consulate General Toronto

360 University Ave Toronto, Ontario M5G 1S4 Canada Telephone:  +1 (416) 595-1700 Emergency After-Hours Telephone:  +1 (416) 201-4056 Fax:  +1 (416) 595-5466 Email:  [email protected]

The consular district includes the province of Ontario except for the counties of Kingston, Lanark, Leeds, Prescott, Refrew, Russell, and Stormont, which are served by the U.S. Embassy in Ottawa.

U.S. Consulate General Vancouver

1075 West Pender Street Vancouver, British Columbia V6E 2M6 Canada Telephone:  +1 (604) 685-4311 Emergency After-Hours Telephone:  +1 (604) 685-4311 Fax:  +1 (604) 685-7175 Email:  [email protected]

The consular district includes British Columbia and the Yukon Territory.

U.S. Consulate General Halifax

Purdy's Wharf Tower II 1969 Upper Water Street, Suite 904 Halifax, Nova Scotia B3J 3R7 Canada Telephone:  +1 (902) 429-2480 Emergency After-Hours Telephone:  +1 (902) 429-2480, Press 1 Email:  [email protected]

The Halifax consular district includes New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and the French islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon.

U.S. Consulate Winnipeg

201 Portage Avenue, Suite 860 Winnipeg, Manitoba R3B 3K6 Canada Telephone:  +1 (204) 940-1800 Emergency After-Hours Telephone:  +1 (403) 266-8962 and press "0" for assistance (Consulate General Calgary) Fax:  +1 (204) 940-1809

The Consulate in Winnipeg provides only emergency services for U.S. citizens. Routine services such as visas, passports and notarials are handled at other U.S. Consulates General, primarily Calgary.

U.S. Consulate General Quebec  2, rue de la Terrasse Dufferin (Vieux Quebec, behind Chateau Frontenac) Quebec, Quebec G1R 4T9 Canada Telephone:  +1 (418) 692-2095 Emergency After-Hours Telephone:  +1 (418) 692-2096 Fax:  +1 (418) 692-4640 Email:   [email protected]

The consular district includes Quebec City and those regions of Quebec Province to the North and East of the Montreal and Ottawa Districts (indicated above) – to include the area around Saguenay/Lac Saint-Jean, Rimouski and the Gaspé Peninsula – as well as the Territory of Nunavut.

U.S. Consulate General Calgary  615 Macleod Trail S.E., 10th Floor Calgary, Alberta T2G 4T8 Canada Telephone:  +1 (403) 266-8962 Fax:  +1 (403) 264-6630 Email:   [email protected] The consular district includes Alberta, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and the Northwest Territories, excluding Nunavut.

Destination Description

Learn about the U.S. relationship to countries around the world.

Entry, Exit and Visa Requirements

For tourist visits to Canada of less than 180 days, U.S. citizens do not need visas. Other types of travel generally require visas. Visit the Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) website for current information.

If you have a criminal record, you may be unable to enter Canada. To determine whether you are criminally inadmissible and get information about how to overcome this finding, refer to the  IRCC website .  Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) officials determine if you can enter Canada in accordance with Canadian law.  

Travel Programs:  Both the U.S. and Canadian governments urge frequent travelers to join the  NEXUS trusted traveler program .

Entry into Canada:  Canadian law requires that all persons entering Canada carry proof of citizenship and identity. A valid U.S. passport, passport card, or NEXUS card satisfies these requirements for U.S. citizens.

Children under 16 only need proof of U.S. citizenship.

Entry into the United States:  When traveling by air from Canada, U.S. citizens must present a U.S. passport book or other approved identification document. The U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) website provides a full list of allowable documents.

Travel with Minors:  If you plan to travel to Canada with a minor for whom you do not have full legal custody, CBSA may require a letter of authorization from the minor’s parents or legal guardian(s). Please refer to the  CBSA website  for more details.

Private Boaters Entering Canada:  Canadian law requires all foreign private boaters, including recreational vessels, to present themselves upon their arrival in Canada to the CBSA. See the  CBSA website  for relevant reporting requirements.

Private Boaters Exiting Canada: Boaters may report their arrival to the United States or apply for a registered boater program using the CBP Reporting Offsite Arrival – Mobile (CBP ROAM) app. Please visit the  CBP ROAM webpage for more information.

The U.S. Department of State is unaware of any HIV/AIDS entry restrictions for visitors to Canada. For information on restrictions for HIV positive foreign residents of Canada visit the IRCC website .

Find information on dual nationality , prevention of international child abduction and customs regulations on our websites.

Safety and Security

911 is the emergency telephone number in Canada.

Crime: Although Canada generally has a lower crime rate than the United States, violent crimes occur throughout the country, especially in urban areas. Criminals may target parked cars, especially in large cities and popular tourist destination, for opportunistic smash-and-grab thefts. Do not leave unattended possessions in a vehicle, even in the trunk. Some jurisdictions such as Montreal, Toronto, and Vancouver may fine you for leaving your car doors unlocked or for leaving valuables in view. Pickpockets may target you, especially in popular tourist areas. Exercise caution. Safeguard yourself and your property.

Demonstrations  occur frequently. They may take place in response to political or economic issues, on politically significant holidays, and during international events. 

• Demonstrations can be unpredictable, avoid areas around protests and demonstrations. 
• Check local media for updates and traffic advisories.

While there is a very small likelihood of violence at a political gathering in Canada, we strongly encourage U.S. citizens to avoid all protests and demonstrations and maintain a high level of vigilance and practice good situational awareness when traveling abroad.

International Financial Scams:  See the  Department of State  and the  FBI   pages for information.

Victims of Crime:  U.S. citizen victims of sexual assault are encouraged to contact the U.S. Embassy for assistance.  Report crimes to the local police at 911 and contact the U.S. Embassy at +1(613) 688-5335. Remember that local authorities are responsible for investigating and prosecuting crime.

See our webpage on help for U.S. victims of crime overseas .

•    Help you find appropriate medical care

•    Assist you in reporting a crime to the police

•    Contact relatives or friends with your written consent

•    Provide general information regarding the victim’s role during the local investigation and following its conclusion

•    Provide a list of local attorneys

•    Provide our information on victim’s compensation programs in the U.S.

•    Provide an emergency loan for repatriation to the United States and/or limited medical support in cases of destitution

•    Help you find accommodation and arrange flights home

•    Replace a stolen or lost passport

Domestic Violence:  U.S. citizen victims of domestic violence are encouraged to contact the U.S. Embassy or Consulates for assistance.

Tourism: The tourism industry is generally regulated and rules with regard to best practices and safety inspections are regularly enforced. Hazardous areas/activities are identified with appropriate signage and professional staff is typically on hand in support of organized activities. In the event of an injury, appropriate medical treatment is widely available throughout the country. 

Outside of a major metropolitan center, it may take more time for first responders and medical professionals to stabilize a patient and provide life-saving assistance. If you are considering travel outside of populated areas, particularly in the northern Arctic territories, you need to know that search and rescue capabilities are limited because of extreme isolation and the harsh climate. You must be prepared for significant delays in receiving emergency assistance in these areas and plan accordingly.

U.S. citizens are encouraged to purchase medical evacuation insurance .  

Local Laws & Special Circumstances

Criminal Penalties:  You are subject to local laws. If you violate local laws, even unknowingly, you may be expelled, arrested, or imprisoned.  Individuals establishing a business or practicing a profession that requires additional permits or licensing should seek information from the competent local authorities, prior to practicing or operating a business.

Furthermore, some laws are also prosecutable in the United States, regardless of local law. For examples, see our website on crimes against minors abroad and the Department of Justice website.

Arrest Notification:  If you are arrested or detained, ask police or prison officials to notify the U.S. Embassy immediately. See our webpage for further information.

Controlled Substances:  Canadian law prohibits possession and trafficking of controlled substances and narcotics, including some substances that may be legal to possess under the law of certain U.S. states. Canada has legalized the personal consumption of recreational cannabis, but Canadian law prohibits taking cannabis across Canada’s national borders . Drug smugglers risk substantial fines, a permanent bar from Canada, and imprisonment.

Counterfeit and Pirated Goods: Although counterfeit and pirated goods are prevalent in many countries, they may still be illegal according to local laws. You may also pay fines or have to give them up if you bring them back to the United States. See the U.S. Department of Justice website for more information.

Faith-Based Travelers:  See the following webpages for details:

• Faith-Based Travel Information
• International Religious Freedom Report – see country reports
• Human Rights Report – see country reports
• Hajj Fact Sheet for Travelers
• Best Practices for Volunteering Abroad  

Firearms : Canada controls firearms more strictly than the United States. Violation of firearms restrictions may result in prosecution and imprisonment.

Visitors bringing any firearms or ammunition into Canada must declare the firearms in writing using a Non-Resident Firearm Declaration form. If you plan to borrow and use a firearm in Canada, you must obtain a Temporary Firearms Borrowing License in advance. You must present these forms in triplicate and sign them in front of a CBSA officer at the border. (It is not possible to make photocopies at the border). Full details and downloadable forms are available at the Canadian Firearms Program website .

Canadian law requires officials to confiscate firearms, ammunition, and other weapons from persons crossing the border who do not declare having the items in their possession. Officials will not return confiscated firearms, ammunition, and weapons and possession of any of these items may result in your arrest and imprisonment. You should inspect all belongings thoroughly before traveling to Canada to avoid the accidentally importing firearms, ammunition, or other weapons.

LGBTQI+ Travelers:  There are no legal restrictions on same-sex sexual relations or the organization of LGBTQI+ events in Canada. See our LGBTQI+ Travel Information page and section 6 of our Human Rights report for further details.

Pornography: Canada has strict laws concerning child pornography, and in recent years there has been an increase in random checks of electronic media of travelers entering Canada.

Canadian officials may search your computers, cell phones, and other electronic devices without a warrant at the border and illegal content can result in the seizure of the device as well as detention, arrest, and prosecution of the bearer.

Tax Issues:  For information on U.S. Federal tax issues, please refer to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) website for international taxpayers .

• Refer to this link for reporting requirements regarding Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts (FBAR) .
• Refer to this link for information on the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA) .
• Refer to this link for information about the Voluntary Disclosure Practice .

Travelers with Disabilities:  The law in Canada prohibitsdiscrimination against persons with physical or mental disabilities and the law is enforced.  Social acceptance of persons with disabilities in public is as prevalent as in the United States. For more information, visit the Accessibility Standards Canada website .

Students:  See our Students Abroad page and FBI travel tips .

Women Travelers:  See our travel tips for Women Travelers .

For emergency services in Canada, dial 911 . Ambulance services are widely available.

We do not pay medical bills.  Be aware that U.S. Medicare/Medicaid does not apply overseas. Most hospitals and doctors overseas do not accept U.S. health insurance.

Medical Insurance:  Make sure your health insurance plan provides coverage overseas. Most care providers overseas only accept cash payments. See our webpage for more information on insurance coverage. Visit the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for more information on type of insurance you should consider before you travel overseas.

We strongly recommend supplemental insurance to cover medical evacuation.

Always carry your prescription medication in original packaging, along with your doctor’s prescription. Check with Health Canada to ensure the medication is legal in Canada.

Healthcare in Canada : The level of public health and sanitation in Canada is high. Adequate health facilities are available throughout Canada.  Canada’s medical care is of a high standard but is government controlled. Access to ongoing medical care is difficult for temporary visitors who are not members of a Canadian province’s government-run health care plan. Many physicians will not take new patients. Specialist care is only by referral and may take months to obtain. Although trauma-care is on par with that in the United States, emergency room waits for non-life threatening problems can be very long. Some health care professionals in the Quebec may only speak French.

The U.S. Embassy maintains a list of doctors and hospitals . We do not endorse or recommend any specific medical provider or clinic.

Vaccinations:  Be up-to-date on all CDC-recommended vaccinations .

Further health information:

World Health Organization U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Air Quality:  Visit AirNow Department of State for information on air quality at U.S. Embassies and Consulates.

Medical Tourism and Elective Surgery: We strongly recommend supplemental insurance  to cover medical evacuation in the event of unforeseen medical complications.

Pharmaceuticals:  U.S. Customs and Border Protection and the Food and Drug Administration are responsible for rules governing the transport of medication back to the United States. Medication purchased abroad must meet their requirements to be legally brought back into the United States. Medication should be for personal use and must be approved for usage in the United States. Please visit the U.S. Customs and Border Protection and the Food and Drug Administration websites for more information.

Assisted Reproductive Technology and Surrogacy:  If you are considering traveling to Canada to have a child through use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) or surrogacy, please see our ART and Surrogacy Abroad page .

Travel and Transportation

Road Conditions and Safety:  As in the United States, all emergency assistance in Canada can be reached by dialing 911.

For detailed information on road conditions throughout Canada, as well as links to provincial government websites, please see the Transport Canada website or the Canadian Automobile Association (CAA) website. The CAA honors American Automobile Association memberships. Automobile warranties of vehicles purchased in the United States may not be valid in Canada.

Winter travel can be dangerous due to heavy snowfalls and hazardous icy conditions. Some provinces require snow tires. CAA has tips for winter driving . Both winter conditions and wildfires may prompt the sudden closure of highways. Provincial ministries of transport typically post closures and other alerts about road conditions on their websites.

Traffic Laws:  Driving in Canada is similar to driving in many parts of the United States. Distances and speeds, however, are posted in kilometers per hour and some signs, particularly in Québec, may only be in French. U.S. driver’s licenses are valid for visitors in Canada. Proof of auto insurance is required. U.S. auto insurance is accepted  for tourists in Canada. For specific information concerning Canadian driving permits, mandatory insurance, and entry regulations, please contact the Canadian National Tourist Organization .

Some provinces require drivers to keep their vehicles’ headlights on during the day and some have banned driving while using a hand-held cell phone. Motorcycles cannot share a lane, and safety helmets for motorcycle riders and passengers are mandatory.

It is illegal to take automobile radar detectors into Québec, Ontario, Manitoba, the Yukon, or the Northwest Territories, regardless of whether they are used. Police may confiscate radar detectors and impose substantial fines.

Drivers approaching border crossings into the United States may encounter traffic backups. Drivers should be alert, as lane restrictions at border approaches exist for drivers in NEXUS and FAST expedited inspection programs.

Public Transportation: Public transportation options vary across Canada, but all cities and most major towns have a public transit system .

Aviation Safety Oversight:   The U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has assessed the government of Canada’s Civil Aviation Authority as being in compliance with International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) aviation safety standards for oversight of Canada’s air carrier operations.  Further information may be found on the FAA’s safety assessment page .

Maritime Travel: Mariners planning travel to Canada should also check for U.S. maritime advisories and alerts . Information may also be posted to the  U.S. Coast Guard homeport website , and the NGA broadcast warnings .

For additional travel information

• Enroll in the  Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP)  to receive security messages and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
• Call us in Washington, D.C. at 1-888-407-4747 (toll-free in the United States and Canada) or 1-202-501-4444 (from all other countries) from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, Monday through Friday (except U.S. federal holidays).
• See the  State Department’s travel website  for the  Worldwide Caution  and  Travel Advisories .
• Follow us on X (formerly known as "Twitter") and Facebook .
• See  traveling safely abroad  for useful travel tips.

Review information about International Parental Child Abduction in Canada .  For additional IPCA-related information, please see the  International Child Abduction Prevention and Return Act ( ICAPRA )  report.

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Entering Canada

On this page, by private boat, required identification, permanent residents, travelling with children, you and the border services officer.

Whether you’re returning home or visiting, you’ll follow the same 3 steps to enter Canada:

Step 1. Pre-arrival: Use Advance Declaration or complete a Declaration Card

If you’re arriving by air at one of Canada’s participating international airports, you can save time at the border. Submit your customs and immigration declaration online using Advance Declaration up to 72 hours before you arrive in Canada.

If you choose not to submit your declaration in advance, you can complete it at an airport kiosk or eGate. If you’re landing at an airport without kiosks or eGates, you’ll receive a Declaration Card on board the aircraft or other conveyance. Read the instructions and complete the card before you arrive. Have it ready to present to Canadian officials at the airport, along with your identification and other travel documents. If you're travelling with children, please have their documentation ready as well.

If using a Declaration Card, detach and discard the instructions. To help us serve you faster, do not fold the card.

Everyone arriving in Canada must complete a declaration. You can list up to 4 people living at the same residence on one card, or 8 people per Advance Declaration submission.

The Declaration Card or Advance Declaration submission tells us what we need to know about you, your travels and what you’re bringing into the country.

Connecting to another flight

If you’re connecting to another flight or travelling on to another destination and re-boarding the same plane, follow the signs. At some airports, you may have to check your baggage and have it screened again.

If you travel frequently our trusted traveller programs can help

If you're a member of a trusted traveller program, you can skip Step 2 and go directly to the automated kiosks or eGates for faster processing.

Step 2. Arrival: First CBSA checkpoint

When you arrive at the terminal, follow the signs to the first Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) checkpoint, also called “primary inspection.”

If you used Advance Declaration, go to a kiosk or eGate to retrieve your confirmed declaration receipt. Up to 5 people may use a kiosk as a group upon arrival.

Next, a border services officer will examine your:

• Declaration Card or Advance Declaration kiosk receipt
• your identification
• other travel documents

The officer may ask you a series of questions to determine:

• your immigration status
• the type of any goods you're bringing with you
• your duty-free allowance
• your personal exemption entitlements

Goods not properly declared that are restricted or prohibited in Canada can, under the law, be seized.

Newcomer or coming to Canada to study or work

If you’re a newcomer to Canada, coming to study or work in Canada, you may need to present further documentation. The officer will help guide you through this process. You may ask the officer for help if you don’t speak English or French well.

Step 3. Baggage and second CBSA checkpoint

Go to the baggage claim area. If you must pay duty and taxes, you can pay at most major airports while waiting for your luggage.

Once you’ve picked up your luggage:

• go to the next CBSA checkpoint
• Declaration Card, Advance Declaration kiosk or eGate receipt
• receipt, if you paid duty and taxes for your goods

The officer may direct you to a secondary inspection area.

Here, officers may ask you:

• for detailed information about your travels
• to present your luggage and goods for examination

This is a normal part of the travelling process. Your cooperation is appreciated and helps us ensure the safety of Canada, its economy and its residents.

If you’re arriving by land, follow the signs to the first checkpoint, also called “primary inspection.” Here, a border services officer will examine your identification and other travel documents and take your verbal declaration.

Visit U.S. to Canada border wait times for estimated wait times at certain locations.

If you’re arriving by private boat, go directly to a designated marine telephone reporting site and call the CBSA Telephone Reporting Centre (TRC) at 1-888-226-7277 to obtain clearance.

Private boaters that meet certain conditions may report to the CBSA by calling the TRC using cell phone from their location in Canadian waters.

Learn more about reporting requirements for private boaters.

Make sure you carry proper identification for yourself and any children travelling with you to help confirm your legal right to enter Canada. Canada has introduced a new entry requirement, known as an Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA), for certain international travellers who fly to Canada.

Read about the changes and how they may affect you.

The Government of Canada recommends that Canadian citizens travel with a valid Canadian passport because it’s the only reliable and universally accepted travel and identification document available to Canadians for the purpose of international travel.

International transportation companies such as airlines may require travellers to present a passport before boarding. Canadian citizens may face delays or may not be allowed to board the plane or other conveyance if they present other documents such as a:

• Enhanced Driver's License (EDL)/Enhanced Identification Card (EIC)
• NEXUS card (used where the program is available)
• Free and Secure Trade (FAST) card used in FAST lanes
• Canadian citizenship card
• Certificate of Indian Status
• Birth certificate in combination with either a driver's licence or a government-issued photo identification

Permanent residents (immigrants living in Canada who are not yet Canadian citizens) need a valid permanent resident card to return to Canada. Check the expiry date on your card.

Note that a Certificate of Canadian Citizenship is not a travel document.

See Canadian Citizenship for further details.

Parents who share custody of their children should bring copies of the legal custody documents to the border when travelling with their children.

A consent letter should be used for all cross-border travel when a child is travelling:

• with only 1 parent or guardian
• in the care of friends or relatives
• with a group, such as a sports, school, musical or religious group

Example of a consent letter to permit travel by a child with a single custodian or parent.

When travelling with a group of vehicles, parents or guardians should arrive at the border in the same vehicle as the children.

Adults who aren’t parents or guardians should have written permission from the parents or guardians to supervise the children. The consent letter should include addresses and telephone numbers where the parents or guardian can be reached.

Border officers watch for missing children, and may ask detailed questions about the children who are travelling with you.

You may occasionally find yourself going through a more detailed inspection. In some cases, this simply means that you may have to complete a form. In other cases, the border services officer will need to identify the goods you’re bringing into the country or examine your luggage.

Border services officers are legally entitled to examine your luggage as part of their responsibility to protect Canada's safety, economy and environment. You are responsible for opening, unpacking and repacking your luggage.

By making your goods easily accessible for inspection and having your receipts handy, you will be helping the CBSA to help you. It’s a good idea to keep all your receipts for accommodation and purchases, and for any repairs done to, or parts bought for, your vehicle. The border services officer may ask to see them as evidence of the length of your stay and of the value of the goods or repairs.

If you disagree with the amount of duty and taxes that you have to pay, please ask to speak with the CBSA superintendent on duty. A consultation can often resolve the issue quickly and without cost. If you’re still not satisfied, our officers can tell you how to make a formal appeal.

Border services officers may arrest an individual for an offence under the Criminal Code (for example, impaired driving, outstanding arrest warrants, stolen property, abductions/kidnappings) and for infractions under other acts of Parliament (for example, the Customs Act , the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act ).

If you’re arrested, you may be compelled to attend court in Canada. You should note that anyone arrested in Canada is protected by and will be treated in accordance with the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms .

Related links

• Bringing goods to Canada
• Traveller entry requirements
• Travel documents
• Programs for trusted travellers
• Travelling as a dual citizen

Can Green Card Holders Travel to Canada? Visa Requirements and eTA Explained

“As of April 26, 2022, U.S. lawful permanent residents need a valid passport from their country of nationality and a valid green card to travel to Canada by any method. Ensure both documents are current and meet all travel requirements to avoid entry issues.”

The eTA application process is straightforward. Green Card holders complete an online form, providing personal information, passport details, and travel plans. Once submitted, most eTA applications are approved within minutes. However, it is advised to apply well before the travel date to accommodate any potential delays or additional documentation requests.

If traveling by land or sea, Green Card holders do not require an eTA or visa. Instead, they need to present their valid passport and Green Card at the port of entry. Regardless of the mode of travel, it is essential to ensure that all personal documents are current and in good condition.

Next, understanding what to expect at the border can help streamline the travel experience. Insight into customs procedures, necessary documentation, and travel tips is crucial for a smooth journey to and from Canada.

Can Green Card Holders Travel to Canada Without a Visa? 2.

Yes, Green Card holders can travel to Canada without a visa. They must, however, obtain an Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) if traveling by air.

The eTA is a digital document linked to a traveler’s passport, allowing entry into Canada for those exempt from visa requirements. It simplifies the process for U.S. lawful permanent residents and ensures that travelers are pre-screened before boarding their flights. The eTA application is straightforward and typically takes minutes to complete online. It is valid for up to five years or until the passport expires, whichever comes first.

What Are the Visa Requirements for Green Card Holders Traveling to Canada? 3.

Green Card holders traveling to Canada typically do not require a visa but must obtain an Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) if arriving by air.

The main visa requirements for Green Card holders traveling to Canada are as follows: 1. Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) 2. Valid Passport 3. Duration of Stay Limitations 4. Specific Health Requirements

To better understand these requirements, let’s explore each point in detail.

Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) : Green Card holders must obtain an Electronic Travel Authorization to fly to Canada. The eTA is linked electronically to the traveler’s passport and is valid for up to five years or until the passport expires. It allows for multiple entries into Canada, facilitating ease of travel for Green Card holders.

Valid Passport : A valid passport from the Green Card holder’s country of citizenship is necessary for travel to Canada. The passport must remain valid throughout the duration of the stay in Canada to avoid travel complications.

Duration of Stay Limitations : Green Card holders can stay in Canada for up to six months without needing further documentation. However, extensions may require additional applications, depending on the purpose of the visit, such as tourism or business.

Specific Health Requirements : Health requirements may include proof of vaccinations or health declarations, especially during health crises like the COVID-19 pandemic. Regulations may vary based on the current health guidelines imposed by the Canadian government.

These requirements ensure that Green Card holders can travel to Canada conveniently while adhering to immigration protocols.

Do Green Card Holders Need an eTA to Enter Canada? 4.

Yes, Green Card holders need an eTA to enter Canada. This requirement applies specifically to travelers from the United States who are not Canadian citizens.

Green Card holders must obtain an Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) before flying to Canada. The eTA links to their passport electronically and is valid for up to five years or until their passport expires, whichever comes first. This document ensures that the traveler is authorized to enter Canada for short visits, tourism, or business. However, Green Card holders do not need an eTA if they enter Canada by land or sea.

How Long Can Green Card Holders Stay in Canada? 5.

Green card holders can stay in Canada for up to six months without a visa. This allowance is based on their status as lawful permanent residents of the United States. The duration may vary if they are traveling for specific purposes, such as work or study, which may require different documentation.

Generally, American law allows green card holders entering Canada to remain for a period not exceeding 180 days. Travelers should bring a valid passport, their green card, and any necessary identification. Longer stays often require additional applications or documentation.

For instance, if a green card holder visits Canada for tourism, they typically can enjoy a six-month stay for leisure. Similarly, a U.S. lawful permanent resident traveling for family gatherings is also granted the same duration. However, if they intend to work or study, they must follow specific Canadian immigration procedures.

Factors that might influence the duration include compliance with both U.S. and Canadian laws, individual circumstances, and changes in immigration policies. The impression at the border is crucial; the border officer ultimately decides the allowed duration based on the traveler’s intent. It’s essential to remain aware of potential changes in regulations or status that might affect future travel.

In summary, green card holders can stay in Canada for a maximum of six months without needing a visa. However, their circumstances can influence specific requirements. It is advisable for travelers to check for updates on immigration regulations before planning their visits.

What Documents Do Green Card Holders Need for Travel to Canada? 6.

Green card holders need specific documents to travel to Canada. The primary requirement is to present proper identification and travel documents.

The documents needed for green card holders traveling to Canada are as follows: 1. Valid U.S. Green Card 2. Passport from their country of citizenship 3. Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) for air travel 4. Proof of travel arrangements (such as flight tickets) 5. Address of stay in Canada 6. Additional documents based on individual circumstances (e.g., for family members or specific travel reasons)

Understanding these requirements is essential for a seamless travel experience to Canada.

Valid U.S. Green Card : A valid U.S. green card serves as proof of permanent residency in the United States. It confirms that the holder is authorized to reside and work in the U.S. Green card holders need to ensure their card is unexpired when traveling to Canada, as it is necessary for re-entry into the United States. Without a valid green card, border officials may deny entry back into the U.S., which underscores its importance.

Passport from their Country of Citizenship : Green card holders must carry a valid passport from their home country. The passport serves as the official travel document that identifies them as citizens of that specific nation. This is critical as Canadian authorities must verify citizenship status to determine eligibility for entry. For example, a citizen from Mexico may face different entry rules than a Canadian citizen holding a green card.

Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) for Air Travel : Green card holders traveling to Canada by air need to obtain an Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA). The eTA is an entry requirement for visa-exempt foreign nationals traveling to Canada. It is electronically linked to the traveler’s passport and is valid for five years or until the passport expires. Applying for an eTA is a straightforward process available online, and approval is typically received within minutes.

Proof of Travel Arrangements : A copy of flight tickets or itinerary is advised for smooth entry into Canada. This documentation provides evidence of travel plans and helps Canadian officials understand the purpose and duration of the visit. It can be particularly helpful when explaining the intent of travel, especially for long-term stays or visits to family.

Address of Stay in Canada : Travelers should be prepared to provide the address of their accommodations while in Canada. This information helps border officials determine where the traveler will stay and aids in assessing the legitimacy of their visit. Having a clear, definitive address helps streamline the entry process.

Additional Documents Based on Individual Circumstances : Depending on personal situations, additional documents may be necessary. For instance, family members might require specific identification or paperwork. Individuals traveling for business may need letters of invitation from Canadian companies. Additionally, travelers with certain legal circumstances might need to present further documentation. Understanding these unique needs can help avoid complications at the border.

Navigating these requirements with care will lead to a hassle-free experience for green card holders traveling to Canada.

Are There Any Restrictions for Green Card Holders Traveling to Canada? 7.

Yes, there are restrictions for Green Card holders traveling to Canada. Green Card holders, or lawful permanent residents of the United States, must meet certain entry requirements. They typically need to present a valid passport and may need to apply for an Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) before entering Canada, depending on their nationality.

The travel requirements differ based on your citizenship and residency status. While Green Card holders are allowed to enter Canada, the process varies if you hold a passport from a visa-exempt country versus a visa-required country. For instance, if a Green Card holder is a citizen of a country that requires a visa to enter Canada, they must obtain that visa. Conversely, if they are from a visa-exempt country, they need an eTA which facilitates entry but does not guarantee it. It’s essential to check both U.S. and Canadian guidelines to ensure compliance.

The benefits of traveling to Canada for Green Card holders include easy access to diverse attractions, cultural experiences, and natural beauty. Canada is often seen as a friendly destination with an immigration system that generally welcomes lawful permanent residents of the U.S. According to the Canadian government, around 14 million visits from U.S. residents occur annually, highlighting the popularity and accessibility of Canada for American travelers.

However, there are drawbacks to consider. Green Card holders may face complications if they do not have proper documentation, such as an expired passport or an unapproved eTA. Additionally, should any legal issues arise during travel, Green Card holders must navigate U.S. immigration laws upon reentry. According to the U.S. Department of State, individuals who leave the country may risk losing their permanent residency status under certain circumstances.

To ensure a smooth trip, Green Card holders should always verify their passport validity and determine their specific eTA or visa requirements based on their nationality. It is advisable to apply for an eTA well in advance of travel. Additionally, individuals should carry essential documents, such as their Green Card and a letter from their employer if traveling for work, to avoid complications at the border.

How Can Green Card Holders Apply for an eTA? 8.

Green card holders can apply for an Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) to visit Canada by following specific procedures outlined by the Canadian government. These steps ensure a smooth application process and compliance with Canadian entry requirements.

Determine eligibility: Green card holders must confirm that they are residents of the United States. The eTA is primarily for travelers from visa-exempt countries, and U.S. legal permanent residents qualify under specific conditions.

Acquire a valid passport: It is essential that the green card holder possesses a valid passport from their country of citizenship. The passport must remain valid for the entire duration of the trip to Canada.

Apply online: Green card holders must complete the eTA application form online on the official Government of Canada website. The process is straightforward and requires basic personal information, such as name, birth date, and country of citizenship.

Pay the application fee: Applicants must pay a fee of CAD 7, which is required for processing the eTA application. Payment can be made through various online payment options.

Receive approval: Once the application is submitted, most eTA requests are processed quickly, often within minutes. However, some applications may require additional documentation, potentially delaying the approval process.

Travel with the eTA: It is essential that the approved eTA is linked to the traveler’s passport. Green card holders must present their eTA approval along with their passport when boarding a flight to Canada.

Understand entry conditions: Green card holders should be aware that the eTA only allows for entry by air. If traveling by land or sea, they do not need an eTA but must have their green card and passport.

Plan ahead: It is advisable to apply for the eTA at least a few days before traveling, allowing sufficient time for processing and any unforeseen issues that may arise.

By following these steps, green card holders can successfully apply for an eTA and travel to Canada with minimal hassle.

What Is the Process for Obtaining an eTA? 9.

An eTA, or Electronic Travel Authorization, is a digital document that allows travelers from visa-exempt countries to fly to Canada. It links electronically to a traveler’s passport and confirms their eligibility to enter Canada.

According to the Government of Canada, an eTA is necessary for most visitors travelling by air from certain countries and serves as a security measure. It is part of Canada’s entry requirements for international travelers.

The eTA process includes several steps: applying online, receiving an approval or denial, and then using the authorized travel document upon entry into Canada. Travelers must have a valid passport, a credit card, and an email address to apply. The application takes minutes, but it is recommended to apply before booking travel.

The International Air Transport Association describes the eTA as a tool designed to enhance border security while facilitating travel. This electronic system allows for streamlined processing of visitors, contributing to Canada’s safety and travel efficiency.

The need for an eTA is driven by increased international travel and the necessity for more controlled entry processes. This system ensures that potential security threats are screened prior to boarding flights to Canada.

Statistics show that over 1.5 million eTAs were issued in 2016 alone, reflecting the system’s growing importance in the Canadian travel landscape, according to Canada Border Services Agency.

The eTA has broader implications for tourism, enabling more travelers to visit Canada while ensuring national security. It supports the economy through increased tourism revenue.

On social and economic dimensions, the eTA benefits the travel industry, enhancing opportunities for hospitality sectors and local businesses that rely on tourism.

For example, tourism in Canada contributed nearly $102 billion to the economy in 2019, underlining the eTA’s role in facilitating travel.

To address concerns related to international travel, experts recommend continuous updates to security measures and traveler education on eTA requirements.

Strategies include improving online application systems and regular audits to ensure the efficiency and security of the eTA process.

What Should Green Card Holders Know Before Traveling to Canada? 10.

Green Card holders should understand the requirements and potential implications before traveling to Canada. They must ensure compliance with entry regulations and carry necessary documentation.

• Valid Green Card.
• Passport Requirement.
• Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA).
• Health Insurance.
• Criminal Background Considerations.
• Customs Regulations.
• Duration of Stay.
• Return Travel Documentation.
• COVID-19 Restrictions.
• Re-entry to the U.S.

Understanding these key points is essential for making informed travel decisions to Canada.

Valid Green Card: The requirement for a valid Green Card demonstrates that the individual is a lawful permanent resident of the United States. It is essential to carry this documentation to show legal status when crossing international borders.

Passport Requirement: Travelers must possess a valid passport in addition to their Green Card. The passport should be valid throughout the duration of the stay in Canada. Travelers should check their passport’s expiration date to avoid any issues.

Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA): Green Card holders need an eTA if arriving in Canada by air. The eTA is an entry requirement for visa-exempt foreign nationals. It is linked electronically to the traveler’s passport and is valid for five years or until the passport expires.

Health Insurance: Travel health insurance is recommended for Green Card holders traveling to Canada. Insurance can cover unexpected medical expenses that may arise during the trip, given that U.S. health insurance may not extend to medical services in Canada.

Criminal Background Considerations: Travelers with a criminal record may face entry restrictions. Canada has strict rules regarding individuals with convictions. Potential travelers should check the implications of their criminal history before attempting to enter Canada.

Customs Regulations: Green Card holders must adhere to Canadian customs regulations. This includes declaring items brought into Canada, which may include gifts, food, and currency. Failure to comply can lead to fines or denial of entry.

Duration of Stay: Green Card holders are typically allowed to stay in Canada for up to six months without a visa. It is important to plan accordingly and ensure that the intended stay does not exceed this time frame.

Return Travel Documentation: It is critical to have proper documentation for re-entry into the United States. The Green Card must be shown when returning, and travelers should ensure they comply with any additional U.S. immigration requirements.

COVID-19 Restrictions: Travelers should be aware of current COVID-19 travel restrictions or entry requirements. Canada has periodically updated guidelines regarding testing, vaccination, or quarantine measures.

Re-entry to the U.S.: Green Card holders must ensure that they do not jeopardize their permanent residency status during international travel. Prolonged absences from the U.S. could raise concerns about their intent to remain a resident. It is advisable to consult with an immigration attorney if planning a long stay abroad.

Can Green Card Holders Re-enter the U.S. After Visiting Canada?

Yes, Green Card holders can re-enter the U.S. after visiting Canada. However, they must follow certain procedures.

Green Card holders are classified as lawful permanent residents. They are allowed to travel outside the U.S. but may face additional scrutiny when re-entering. They should carry their Green Card and valid identification. If they stay outside the U.S. for over one year, they may lose their permanent resident status. It is essential for them to declare any items they bring back and to ensure compliance with customs regulations.

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Canadian residents face the longest waits in the world for U.S. visas

U.s. embassy blames increase in number of applications.

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Canadian residents who require a visa to visit the United States face the longest wait times in the world.

A CBC News analysis of wait times for appointments to obtain U.S. tourist visas shows that while wait times in countries like India and Mexico have been improving since November 2022, wait times in Canada have been getting worse.

Six of the 10 longest wait times around the world were recorded at the U.S. embassy and consulate offices in Canada that offer visa appointments.

Currently, those who apply for a B1/B2 visitor visa appointment in Ottawa or Quebec City face the longest wait times in the world — 850 days. Halifax is not far behind at 840 days, followed by Calgary at 839 days. Getting a visa appointment in Toronto takes 753 days, while in Vancouver it's 731 days.

Wait times can fluctuate from day to day. Earlier this month, Toronto had the longest wait time in the world — 900 days.

The other locations with the longest current wait times are Istanbul, Turkey (774 days), Bogota, Colombia (677 days), Guatemala City, Guatemala (645 days) and Hermosillo, Mexico (576 days).

Why do Canadian residents have to wait so long for a U.S. visitor visa?

In November 2022, a 464-day average wait time put Toronto in 23rd place around the world, followed by Calgary in 30th place with a 371-day wait.

In 2022, the average wait time around the world was 167 days, while the average wait time for Canadian residents was 345 days. Today, the average global wait time for a U.S. visitor visa appointment is 151 days — but the average wait time for Canadian residents has ballooned to 810 days.

U.S. warns of scams targeting visa applicants

The wait times are now so long that U.S. officials are warning of scammers preying on Canadian residents by promising them quicker appointments in return for money.

Applicants from India or Mexico — which topped the list of average wait times in 2022 at 972 and 622 days, respectively — now have to wait little more than a year, while applicants from China face a 40-day wait for a visa interview.

Wait times have decreased at 109 locations around the world and have increased at 84 locations, including all six Canadian locations that offer visa appointments.

U.S. embassy officials declined CBC News' request for an interview but blamed the long wait times on increased demand.

"Across Canada, our embassy and consulate teams are processing a record number of visas," the embassy said in a media statement. "In 2023, the U.S. Embassy and consulates in Canada issued more than 230,000 non-immigrant visas, the highest number ever."

• CBC Investigates Years-long visa backlog in U.S. sees some risking scams in attempt to get faster access
• Emigration from Canada to the U.S. hits a 10-year high as tens of thousands head south
• U.S. speeding up asylum claim processing along the Canadian border

The embassy refused to disclose the number of applications it has received from Canadian residents in recent years, or to state whether security checks are affecting wait times.

The embassy said it is committed to reducing wait times and has started a program to allow applicants to move existing appointments to earlier dates at no additional cost. The wait times published on the U.S. Department of State website reflect the first appointment currently available.

"Most applicants are getting interviews within 12 months of scheduling their appointment," the embassy wrote. "Applicants with urgent travel needs who meet certain criteria, including urgent business, humanitarian, or medical criteria, can always apply for an expedited appointment."

In a January update, the State Department said its goal for 2024 was to bring interview wait times down under 90 days in 90 per cent of its overseas posts.

While Canadian citizens do not require a visa to visit the United States, that's not the case for millions of others living in Canada, such as permanent residents, students and temporary workers. Statistics Canada's 2021 census counted 3.1 million Canadian residents who did not have Canadian citizenship; 2.2 million of them were permanent residents.

If a Canadian resident comes from one of 41 countries where the U.S. has waived the visa requirement — such as Australia, Israel and many European countries — the only requirement is to fill out an Electronic System for Travel Authorization (ESTA) application.

But Canadian residents who come from countries that don't have visa waiver arrangements with the United States — such as India, China, Mexico and many countries in Africa and South America — have to apply for a B1/B2 visa.

In February 2023, six U.S. senators sent a letter to the State Department's Bureau of Consular Affairs complaining that it was taking an average of 25 weeks around the world to get a U.S. visitor visa appointment.

"These delays impact industries, businesses, universities and families across the United States," the senators wrote. "Businesses that rely on tourism suffer when would-be customers cannot get a visa appointment in a timely manner."

The U.S. Travel Association has been lobbying the U.S. government to reduce what it has described as "outrageous" visa interview wait times, saying it creates a chilling effect on tourism to the U.S.

"Excessive wait times severely undercut U.S. global competitiveness and the Biden administration's national goal for inbound visitation," the association said in a statement. "The U.S. Department of State must remain laser focused on solving this critical issue."

The association was at a loss to explain why the wait times for residents of the U.S.'s closest neighbour are among the highest in the world.

American immigration lawyer Greg Boos said the long wait times for Canadian residents are the result of short-staffing at the State Department and an increase in applications.

"The consulates are always short-staffed," said Boos, who works with Cascadia Cross Border Law in Bellingham, Washington. "In my whole career, they have never had enough staff."

Boos said the consulates have been working on clearing the backlog, which was made worse by the pandemic.

"They started working through the family visas first, they got through those," Boos said. "Then they started working through the business visas. It took them a long time to get through those backlogs. But there was a big backlog that developed for the tourist visas or the B1/B2 visas. And they haven't gotten through those."

Recent immigration to Canada is also playing a role, said Boos.

"Many of the people that the Canadian government is accepting, and many people who are coming there in refugee status and in those kinds of statuses, they are not from the ESTA countries," he said. "They are from countries where the United States requires them to get a formal visa prior to coming to visit the United States."

Boos said the U.S. could reduce visa wait times by increasing the number of interview waivers for some categories of visas, hiring more consular officers and extending operating hours at consulates.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Senior reporter

Award-winning reporter Elizabeth Thompson covers Parliament Hill. A veteran of the Montreal Gazette, Sun Media and iPolitics, she currently works with the CBC's Ottawa bureau, specializing in investigative reporting and data journalism. She can be reached at: [email protected].

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Prepare for your arrival

On this page, documents you need before you travel to canada, your arrival in canada, when you enter canada.

In some situations, you’ll need to bring documents with you when you travel to Canada.

Situations where you may need extra documents on arrival

If either of the following situations applies to you or someone you’ll travel with, have the documents indicated in hand.

You have a child under the age of 18 (a minor child)

In Canada, a child under the age of 18 is considered a minor.

You may need to show

• a letter that authorizes the minor child to travel to Canada, and
• other documents, such as adoption papers or a custody decree, depending on if the minor child travels alone or not

Find out more about minor children travelling to Canada

You were invited to come to Canada

If you got a letter from a person or company that invited you to Canada, bring that letter with you. A border services officer may ask to see it.

Find out more about letters of invitation

A valid visa and travel document don’t guarantee that you can enter Canada.

We determine if you meet all entry requirements

When you arrive, we’ll check your identity to make sure that you’re the same person who was approved to travel to Canada.

• Your fingerprints will be checked automatically at a primary inspection kiosk .
• The system will check your identity against the information collected when your application was submitted.
• Your fingerprints may be checked if we refer you to a secondary inspection , where a border services officer will use a fingerprint verification device to check your fingerprints.

If you pass the identity check, health assessment, and meet the entry requirements , the border services officer may stamp your passport or let you know how long you can stay in Canada. You’re normally allowed to stay in Canada for up to 6 months.

In some cases, the officer may limit or extend your time in Canada, depending on the purpose of your visit. Ask questions if you’re not sure about something.

You won’t be allowed into Canada if you give false or incomplete information. The officer must be convinced that

• you’re eligible for entry into Canada
• you’ll leave Canada at the end of your approved length of stay

Basic entry requirements

To visit Canada, you will need to meet some basic requirements, such as:

• have a valid travel document, such as a passport,
• be in good health,
• have no criminal or immigration-related convictions,
• convince an immigration officer that you have ties—such as a job, home, financial assets or family—that will take you back to your home country,
• convince an immigration officer that you will leave Canada at the end of your visit, and
• have enough money for your stay. (The amount of money you will need can vary. It depends on things such as how long you will stay, and whether you will stay in a hotel, or with friends or relatives.)

Inadmissibility

Some people are inadmissible—they are not allowed to come to Canada. Several things can make you inadmissible, including involvement in criminal activity, in human rights violations or in organized crime.

You can also be inadmissible for security, health or financial reasons. Find out more about inadmissibility .

How long you can stay

Most visitors can stay for up to 6 months in Canada.

At the port of entry, the border services officer may allow you to stay for less or more than 6 months. If so, they’ll put the date you need to leave by in your passport. They might also give you a document, called a visitor record, which will show the date you need to leave by.

If you don’t get a stamp in your passport, you can stay for 6 months from the day you entered Canada or until your passport expires, whichever comes first. If you need a stamp, you can ask a border services officer for one. If you arrive at an airport that uses primary inspection kiosks , ask the border officer after you finish at the kiosk.

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Top questions about visiting Canada

• How long can I stay in Canada as a visitor?
• What is the difference between a single and a multiple entry visa?
• How do I help a family member or friend apply to visit Canada?

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I am visiting the U.S. and I want to come to Canada. Do I need an eTA?

Most travellers need a visitor visa or an eTA to travel to, or transit through, Canada.

What you need depends on:

• the type of travel document you will travel with;
• the country that issued your travel document;
• your nationality; and
• how you will travel to Canada.

Before you apply , find out what you need .

New entry requirement now in effect

Visa-exempt foreign nationals need an Electronic Travel Authorization (eTA) to fly to or transit through Canada by air. Exceptions include U.S. citizens and travellers with a valid Canadian visa. Canadian citizens, including dual citizens , and Canadian permanent residents cannot apply for an eTA.

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Answers others found useful

• Do I need a visa to visit Canada?
• Do I need a Canadian visa if I have a United States visa?
• How do I apply for an eTA for travel to Canada?
• Do I need a visa if I am travelling through Canada without stopping or visiting?
• How do I help a family member or friend apply to visit Canada?
• I am travelling with my minor child without my spouse. What documents must I present?
• What’s the difference between a visitor visa and a visitor record?
• Do I need to apply for both a visitor visa and an eTA?

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Glossary term

• Admissibility