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The History Hit Miscellany of Facts, Figures and Fascinating Finds

10 Significant Historic Sites in Japan

Japan - famously nicknamed the 'land of the rising sun' - is home to a number of stunning temples, monuments, and castles. here's our pick of 10 which you shouldn't miss when paying a visit..

Lucy Davidson

16 sep 2021, @lucejuiceluce.

One of the most fascinating aspects of the Land of the Rising Sun is its sheer breadth of culture and architecture that has emerged over its long history. Across the country there are thousands of shrines, temples, and castles which date back hundreds of years, and are often located against picturesque landscapes. All year round, travellers make pilgrimages to the various stunning sites that the country has to offer as a way of learning about Japanese culture and history. Here’s our pick of 10 which make for essential viewing.

1. Meiji Jingu

Meiji Jingu is a sacred shrine to Emperor Meiji, modern Japan’s first emperor following the fall of the Samurais , and his wife, Empress Shoken. Made up of three sections, Meiji Jingu consists of a series of shrine buildings, inner and outer gardens, and a Meiji Memorial Picture Gallery. Visitors can enter the Meiji Jingu through two of Japan’s largest gates, or ‘tori’, which date back over 1,700 years and bear the imperial seal.

Visiting Meiji Jingu is a very peaceful experience and one imbued with a great sense of the Japanese culture, particularly when traditional tea ceremonies or one of the many wedding ceremonies held there takes place. It’s an experience in great contrast to the rest of the buzzing city of Tokyo where Meiji Jingu resides.

2. Yasukuni Shrine

The Yasukuni Shrine was originally established in 1869 by the first emperor of modern Japan, Emperor Meiji, in honour of those who fought and died for the country.

Approximately 2,500,000 names are enshrined at Yasukuni, amongst them the casualties of wars since 1853, including the Boshin War, the Seinan War, the Sino-Japanese and Russo-Japanese wars, World War I , the Manchurian Incident, the China Incident, and World War Two , known in Japan as the Greater East Asian War. The Yasukuni Shrine is part of a six hectare precinct and the shrine itself is surrounded by statues and commemorations to other victims such as war widows, kamikaze pilots, and animals.

3. The Hiroshima Peace Memorial

The Hiroshima Peace Memorial, also known as the A-Bomb Dome or the Genbaku Dome, in Hiroshima , Japan, was the only building in the city which survived following the first ever explosion of an atomic bomb . On 6 August 1945, US forces dropped an atomic bomb on the Japanese city of Hiroshima. It was the first ever use of the ‘A-bomb’.

Originally constructed in 1915, the Hiroshima Peace Memorial building is a domed structure which served as an office building for businesses as well as the Japanese government during the war. Today, the Hiroshima Peace Memorial building forms part of the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park which also includes a museum. It is also a UNESCO World Heritage site .

4. Sensoji Temple

The Sensoji Temple is a Buddhist temple in Tokyo in Japan. Whilst the original structure of the Sensoji Temple is thought to have been built in 628 AD, making it the oldest one of its kind in the city, most of this burned down during World War Two. The current temple was rebuilt following the war.

Sensoji Temple is dedicated to Kannon-Bosatsu, the goddess of mercy, whose statue is housed here, although it is not on display. Legend says that the original Sensoji Temple was founded after this statue was caught by two fishermen in 628 AD. Today, the Sensoji Temple is one of Tokyo’s most popular attractions.

5. The Edo Tokyo Museum

The Edo Tokyo Museum in Tokyo in Japan chronicles the history of the city, which was originally known as Edo. Split into three sections, one devoted to Edo, another to Tokyo, and the last named the ‘Comprehensive History Zone’, the Edo Tokyo Museum has over 2,500 artefacts and objects charting the history of Edo and Tokyo, from social aspects to the political and the economic.

English routes run through the museum and it offers a great insight into Tokyo and Japan’s history. One of its more popular exhibits is its reconstruction of the original Nihonbashi Bridge, through which one enters the Edo Tokyo Museum.

6. Tokyo National Museum

The Tokyo National Museum (Tokyo Kokuritsu Hakubutsukan) houses national treasures from Japan and around the Far East and Asia.

Its archaeological finds range from Japanese artwork and archaeological pieces to artefacts from Egypt and India . It also has a collection known as the Horyuji Treasures, made up of over 300 pieces of Buddhist art. The exhibits at the Tokyo National Museum are arranged by category.

7. Kiyomizudera

Kiyomizudera or Kiyomizu-dera is a famous UNESCO-listed Buddhist temple in Kyoto, Japan. The first temple of Kiyomizudera was founded in 780 AD during the Heian period and designated an imperial temple in 805 AD, although much of this was destroyed and rebuilt in the 1630s, including the Main Hall. The Main Hall at Kiyomizudera is renowned for hanging over a steep cliff.

Each part of Kiyomizudera is dedicated to a different Buddhist deity. The oldest surviving parts of Kiyomizudera date back to the seventeenth century and include the Niomon Gate and the Unatodome stable.

8. The Nagasaki Peace Park

The Nagasaki Peace Park commemorates the atomic bombing of this Japanese city by American forces in World War Two. This occurred on 9 August 1945, three days after the bombing of Hiroshima. Approximately 74,000 people were killed and 30% of the city was devastated, with many more suffering the effects of radiation poising many decades later.

Today, the Nagasaki Peace Park houses several monuments relating to this event, including one marking the site of the bomb’s hypocentre.

9. Todai-ji

The largest wooden building in the world, the temple of Todai-ji, or ‘Great Eastern Temple’, is the Japanese headquarters of the Kegon school of Buddhism. Located in the capital Nara, the main buildings of the Todai-ji temple complex were constructed between 745 and 752 BC under Emperor Shōmu, a devout Buddhist, marking the adoption of Buddhism as state religion.

Today, Todai-ji is home to many precious cultural treasures linked to the temple, whilst also remaining a place of Buddhist rituals such as the Shuni-e. You can walk around the main hall of the Daubutsu-den, reconstructed to half of its original size, and beyond into the central park of Nara, looking out onto the beautiful Wakakusayama hills. Many people visit to see the giant bronze Buddha, over two-hundred and fifty tons in weight. There is also a museum by the main gateway, displaying intricately crafted religious treasures.

10. Osaka Castle

Located in Chūō-ku, Osaka, Japan, Osaka Castle is one of the country’s most famous landmarks. The construction of the castle started in 1583 on the former site of the Ishiyama Honganji Temple, which had been destroyed thirteen years earlier. As the largest castle in Japan at the time, the general Hideyoshi Toyotomi intended for Osaka Castle to become the centre of a new, unified Japan.

Today, the castle is five stories high and is a hugely popular site and historical museum. On each floor of the castle are a wide variety of artefacts detailing the extensive history of Osaka and the castle itself. Make sure to visit the top floor for a view of the city, as well as the beautiful surrounding park which is full of cherry trees, and even offers boat rides along the moat.

Japan’s Best Historical Sites To See In 2023

• About Japan , Historical Buildings , History , Things To Do

In 2023, travelers exploring Japan will find a treasure trove of historical sites to visit. From the bustling streets of Tokyo to the serene landscapes of Hiroshima and Kyoto, there are countless temples, shrines, and castles that offer a glimpse into the country’s vibrant past.

The Sensoji Temple , Meiji Jingu Shrine, and Imperial Palace in Tokyo represent different periods of Japanese history, while the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park and Itsukushima Shrine in Hiroshima commemorate the city’s tragic past.

With iconic landmarks like Osaka Castle , Nagoya Castle, and Matsumoto Castle, history buffs will be in awe. Nara’s Todaiji Temple and Kasuga Taisha showcase Japan’s religious heritage.

Get ready to Enjoy Japan’s rich history as you explore the best historical sites in 2023.

Key Takeaways

• Tokyo offers a rich cultural experience with its ancient temples and shrines such as Sensoji Temple and Meiji Jingu Shrine, as well as the grand Imperial Palace.
• Hiroshima boasts significant historical sites like the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park and Itsukushima Shrine, which is famous for its red O-torii gate and picturesque location on Miyajima island.
• Kyoto is home to iconic temples and shrines like Kinkakuji Temple and Fushimi Inari Shrine, as well as historical landmarks like Nijo Castle and Ginkakuji (Silver Pavilion).
• Japan’s castles, including Himeji Castle, Osaka Castle, Nagoya Castle, Kanazawa Castle, and Matsumoto Castle, showcase the country’s rich architectural heritage and offer panoramic views of their surroundings.
• Nara features the impressive Todaiji Temple, known for housing the Great Buddha statue, and the serene Kasuga Taisha shrine with its beautiful lantern-lined pathways.
• Other notable historical sites in Japan include Izumo Taisha in Shimane, Byodoin Temple in Kyoto, Shimogamo Shrine in Kyoto, and Kenrokuen Garden in Kanazawa, each offering unique cultural and natural attractions.

Sensoji Temple in Tokyo

The Sensoji Temple in Tokyo is the oldest and most significant temple in the city, founded in 628 AD. It is famous for its Kaminarimon Gate, a massive red gate adorned with a giant lantern, which serves as the entrance to the temple complex.

The temple complex itself is a treasure trove of spiritual and cultural wonders, featuring various shrines, stunning gardens, and a majestic pagoda. Visitors can explore the different shrines dedicated to different deities, take in the tranquility of the meticulously maintained gardens, and marvel at the intricate architecture of the pagoda.

The Sensoji Temple offers a glimpse into Japan’s rich religious heritage and provides a serene and peaceful sanctuary amidst the bustling streets of Tokyo, making it a must-visit destination for those seeking a spiritual and cultural experience.

Meiji Jingu Shrine in Tokyo

Located in Tokyo, the Meiji Jingu Shrine is a Shinto shrine dedicated to Emperor Meiji and Empress Shoken. It is known for its beautiful architecture and tranquil inner garden. The shrine was built in 1920 and is made of cypress using traditional Japanese joinery techniques.

The shrine’s inner garden features iris flowers that were planted by Empress Shoken herself. This serene and peaceful garden provides a perfect escape from the bustling city.

The Meiji Jingu Shrine holds great cultural significance for the Japanese people and is a popular destination for locals and travelers alike. Visitors can explore the shrine’s grounds, participate in traditional rituals, and admire the stunning architecture.

The shrine’s tranquil atmosphere and beautiful surroundings make it a must-visit for anyone seeking a deeper understanding of Japanese spirituality and history.

Imperial Palace in Tokyo

Surrounded by moats and walls, the Imperial Palace in Tokyo serves as the primary residence of the Emperor of Japan. This majestic palace represents the grandeur and history of ancient Japan.

Built on the former site of Edo Castle, the Imperial Palace showcases the enduring legacy of the country’s imperial family. While the interior of the palace is not open to the public, visitors can explore the Tokyo Imperial Palace East Gardens, which offer a glimpse into the palace grounds. The gardens are adorned with beautiful cherry trees, serene ponds, and meticulously manicured landscapes.

As one walks through the gardens, the moats, walls, and guardhouses still intact, it becomes evident that the Imperial Palace is not just a residence, but a symbol of Japan’s rich cultural heritage and the enduring spirit of its people.

Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park in Hiroshima

Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park in Hiroshima stands as a solemn tribute to the victims of the atomic bombing during World War II. This park serves as a reminder of the devastating impact of nuclear weapons and the importance of peace.

Here are four significant elements of the park that make it a must-visit historical site in Japan:

• Genbaku Dome: Also known as the A-Bomb Dome, this building was one of the few structures that survived the atomic bombing. It serves as a powerful symbol of resilience and the destructive power of nuclear weapons.
• Peace Memorial Museum: This museum provides a comprehensive and emotionally moving account of the events leading up to the bombing and its aftermath. It houses artifacts, photographs, and personal stories that shed light on the human cost of war.
• Children’s Peace Monument: Dedicated to the thousands of children who lost their lives due to the bombing, this monument features a statue of a young girl holding a paper crane. It represents the hope for a peaceful future and the importance of nuclear disarmament.
• Peace Flame: The Peace Flame in the park has been burning continuously since 1964 and will only be extinguished when all nuclear weapons are eliminated. It serves as a powerful symbol of the desire for a world free from the threat of nuclear war.

Visiting Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park offers a unique opportunity to reflect on the tragedies of the past and to renew our commitment to peace and freedom.

Itsukushima Shrine in Hiroshima

The Itsukushima Shrine in Hiroshima is known for its iconic red O-torii gate, which stands majestically in the water. This shrine, dedicated to three female Shinto deities, is located on Miyajima island and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site .

The shrine is a popular tourist attraction, drawing visitors from all over the world who come to admire its beauty and spiritual significance. One of the unique features of the shrine is that it is built over water, giving it a sense of floating. The O-torii gate, painted in vibrant red, is one of the most photographed landmarks in Japan.

Visitors can explore the shrine’s complex, which includes several buildings and a beautiful garden. The island is also famous for its population of deer, which roam freely and are considered sacred creatures in Shinto belief .

The Itsukushima Shrine is not only a stunning architectural masterpiece, but also a place of tranquility and spiritual reflection.

Kinkakuji Temple in Kyoto

Nestled in Kyoto, Kinkakuji Temple , also known as the Golden Pavilion, showcases its top two floors covered in gold leaf, creating a stunning reflection on Kyoko-chi pond. This iconic Zen temple has a rich history and remains a must-visit destination for those seeking a glimpse into Japan’s ancient past.

Here are four reasons why Kinkakuji Temple should be on your list:

• Architectural Marvel: The temple’s golden exterior is a testament to the craftsmanship and attention to detail of the artisans who built it. The intricate design and shimmering gold leaf make for a truly mesmerizing sight.
• Tranquil Surroundings: Set amidst beautifully manicured gardens, Kinkakuji Temple offers a peaceful respite from the bustling city. The serene atmosphere allows visitors to connect with nature and find moments of tranquility.
• Historical Significance: Originally built in the 14th century, the temple has witnessed numerous reconstructions due to fires and wars. Despite these challenges, it has retained its cultural and historical importance, serving as a symbol of Japan’s rich heritage.
• Symbolic Meaning: Kinkakuji Temple represents the harmony between man-made beauty and natural elements. The reflection of the golden pavilion on the pond symbolizes the interconnectedness of the physical and spiritual realms.

Visiting Kinkakuji Temple is not just a journey into the past, but an opportunity to appreciate the timeless beauty and profound symbolism that it embodies.

Fushimi Inari Shrine in Kyoto

Moving on from the iconic Kinkakuji Temple, let’s delve into the enchanting world of Fushimi Inari Shrine in Kyoto . This shrine is dedicated to the god of rice and sake and is renowned for its thousands of vibrant orange torii gates that create a mesmerizing pathway through the forested hills.

As you wander through the gates, you’ll be captivated by the serene atmosphere and the striking contrast between the peaceful surroundings and the bustling crowds. The shrine’s fox motifs add a touch of whimsy to the experience.

Plus, Fushimi Inari Shrine offers hiking trails that lead to stunning viewpoints and secluded areas, allowing visitors to enjoy the beauty of nature.

With its mystical allure and captivating ambiance, Fushimi Inari Shrine is a must-visit historical site that truly embodies the freedom of exploration.

Nijo Castle in Kyoto

Still in Kyoto, Nijo Castle showcases the opulent lifestyle of the shoguns through its ornate interiors, intricate wall paintings, and beautifully carved woodwork panels. This historical site offers visitors a glimpse into the luxurious lives of Japan’s ruling class during the Edo period.

Here are four reasons why Nijo Castle is a must-visit destination for those seeking a connection to Japan’s rich history and love for freedom:

• Immerse in History: As you step through the castle’s gates, you are transported back in time, surrounded by centuries-old architecture and artifacts that tell the story of Japan’s feudal past.
• Intricate Wall Paintings: The castle’s interior walls are adorned with stunning paintings that depict scenes from nature, folklore, and historical events, showcasing the artistic talents of the time.
• Lavish Interiors: Marvel at the lavishness of the shoguns’ lifestyle as you explore the castle’s opulent rooms, adorned with gold leaf accents, intricate carvings, and luxurious furnishings.
• Nightingale Floors: Experience the unique feature of the castle’s floors that produce a chirping sound when walked upon, designed to alert the shogun of any potential intruders.

With its rich history and stunning craftsmanship, Nijo Castle offers a captivating journey into Japan’s feudal past, allowing visitors to appreciate the freedom and beauty of this remarkable era.

Kiyomizu-dera Temple in Kyoto

Kiyomizu-Dera Temple in Kyoto captivates visitors with its impressive shrine buildings and stunning views, making it one of the oldest and most iconic temples in Japan. Built in 780 AD, this UNESCO World Heritage Site attracts millions of travelers each year.

The temple’s main hall, known as the Hondo, stands on a wooden terrace that offers breathtaking panoramic views of the city. One of the most remarkable features of Kiyomizu-dera is that it was constructed without the use of any nails, showcasing the exceptional craftsmanship of ancient Japan.

The temple also boasts a serene garden with cherry blossom trees that bloom beautifully in spring, creating a picturesque setting for visitors.

Inside the temple complex, visitors can explore various halls and pagodas, each with its own unique architectural style. Kiyomizu-dera Temple is not only a place of worship, but also a symbol of freedom and spiritual enlightenment for those who visit.

Ginkakuji (Silver Pavilion) in Kyoto

Another must-visit historical site in Kyoto is the Ginkakuji , also known as the Silver Pavilion. Here are four reasons why Ginkakuji should be on your list when visiting Japan in 2023:

• Elegant Architecture: Ginkakuji is renowned for its elegant architecture and exquisite gardens. Modeled after the Kinkakuji golden temple, Ginkakuji features dry sandscapes, moss gardens, and beautiful pathways that reflect the impermanence of life.
• UNESCO World Heritage Site: Ginkakuji is designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, recognizing its cultural and historical significance. This prestigious status highlights the importance of preserving and appreciating the beauty of this iconic landmark.
• Peaceful Atmosphere: The tranquil ambiance of Ginkakuji provides a serene escape from the bustling city. Visitors can stroll through the peaceful forested areas, admiring the harmonious blend of nature and man-made structures.
• Traditional Japanese Gardens: Ginkakuji’s gardens showcase the restrained aesthetics of traditional Japanese gardens. With meticulously manicured landscapes, vibrant vegetation, and carefully placed rocks and water features, these gardens offer a captivating visual experience.

Ginkakuji is a testament to Japan’s rich cultural heritage and is a must-visit historical site for anyone seeking to enjoy the beauty and history of Kyoto.

Himeji Castle in Japan

Himeji Castle, also known as the White Heron Castle , stands as one of Japan’s most iconic and well-preserved castles. Its intricate defensive systems and architecture make it a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a must-visit historical destination in Japan.

The castle offers panoramic views of the city from its vantage point and provides a glimpse into Japan’s feudal past.

Himeji Castle’s elegance and grandeur are unparalleled, and its preservation showcases Japan’s commitment to honoring its rich history.

Visitors can explore the castle’s various levels and admire the craftsmanship that went into its construction. The castle’s strategic location atop a hill also provides breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape.

For those seeking an immersive experience in Japan’s feudal era, Himeji Castle is a definite must-see.

Osaka Castle in Japan

Osaka Castle, a symbol of Osaka’s power and history, stands as an impressive architectural marvel built by Toyotomi Hideyoshi in the 16th century. This magnificent castle offers a glimpse into the rich historical heritage of Japan. Here are four reasons why Osaka Castle should be on your list of must-visit historical sites in Japan:

• Architectural Splendor: The castle’s towering presence and intricate design showcase the skill and craftsmanship of the builders. With its imposing stone walls, elegant rooflines, and striking gold accents, Osaka Castle is a true masterpiece of Japanese architecture.
• Panoramic Views: Climb to the top of the castle’s main tower to enjoy breathtaking panoramic views of Osaka city. From this vantage point, you can see the modern skyline juxtaposed with the castle’s traditional beauty, offering a unique perspective on the city’s past and present.
• Surrounding Park: The castle is surrounded by a vast park filled with cherry blossom trees, tranquil gardens, and peaceful walking paths. Take a leisurely stroll through the park and Enjoy the natural beauty that surrounds Osaka Castle.
• Historical Museum: Inside the castle, you’ll find a museum that tells the story of Osaka Castle and its significance in Japanese history. Explore the exhibits and learn about the castle’s construction, its role in various historical events, and the lives of the people who once inhabited it.

With its grandeur, stunning views, serene surroundings, and rich history, Osaka Castle is a must-visit destination for anyone seeking a deeper understanding of Japan’s fascinating past.

Nagoya Castle in Japan

Nagoya Castle, a historical landmark in Nagoya , impresses visitors with its reconstructed main keep and palace, offering panoramic views of the city and showcasing the rich history of Japan.

The castle, originally built in 1612, was destroyed during World War II but has been meticulously reconstructed to its former glory. It now stands as a testament to Japan’s architectural prowess and cultural heritage.

The castle grounds are adorned with beautiful cherry blossom trees, creating a picturesque setting that attracts countless visitors each year.

Inside the castle, visitors can explore the museum, which houses historical artifacts and exhibits that provide insights into the castle’s history and the feudal era of Japan. A visit to Nagoya Castle is a must for anyone seeking to delve into Japan’s fascinating past.

Kanazawa Castle

Kanazawa Castle, located in Kanazawa , showcases the architectural splendor of feudal Japan with its partially reconstructed main keep and gate, offering visitors a glimpse into the rich history and cultural significance of the region.

Historical Significance: Kanazawa Castle played a pivotal role in the political and cultural development of Kanazawa during the Edo period. It served as the residence of the powerful Maeda clan, who were important feudal lords.

Architectural Marvel: The partially reconstructed main keep and gate of Kanazawa Castle display traditional Japanese castle architecture’s intricate craftsmanship and design. Visitors can marvel at the elegant wooden structures and defensive features that were once crucial for the castle’s defense.

Cultural Heritage: Kanazawa Castle is an important cultural site in Kanazawa, reflecting the city’s rich heritage. It provides insights into the lifestyle, values, and traditions of the samurai class and offers a deeper understanding of Japan’s feudal history.

Kenrokuen Garden: Adjacent to Kanazawa Castle is the famous Kenrokuen Garden , considered one of the most beautiful gardens in Japan. Visitors can explore this tranquil oasis with its meticulously designed landscapes, ponds, stone lanterns, and seasonal flora, providing a serene escape from the bustling city.

Matsumoto Castle in Japan

Matsumoto Castle , located in Nagano, stands as a magnificent and historic landmark with its striking black exterior and elegant architecture. Known as the ‘Crow Castle,’ it is one of the oldest and most beautiful castles in Japan.

This National Treasure of Japan boasts an original wooden structure that has withstood the test of time. As visitors approach the castle, they are greeted by the imposing black walls and towering turrets. Stepping inside, they are transported back in time as they explore the meticulously preserved interior, complete with samurai armor and weapons.

Climbing to the top of the castle offers panoramic views of the surrounding mountains, providing a sense of freedom and awe. Matsumoto Castle is a must-visit for anyone seeking a glimpse into Japan’s rich history and architectural wonders.

Frequently Asked Questions

Are there any specific rituals or customs that visitors should be aware of when visiting sensoji temple in tokyo.

Visitors to Sensoji Temple in Tokyo should be aware of the custom of cleansing oneself before entering the temple. They can participate by washing their hands and mouth at the purification fountain.

What Is the Significance of the Iris Flowers Planted by Empress Shoken at Meiji Jingu Shrine in Tokyo?

The iris flowers planted by Empress Shoken at Meiji Jingu Shrine in Tokyo hold great significance. They were planted as a symbol of her devotion and love for the Emperor Meiji, creating a beautiful and serene atmosphere in the shrine’s inner garden.

Can Visitors Explore the Inner Areas of the Imperial Palace in Tokyo, or Are They Restricted to the East Gardens?

Visitors can explore the inner areas of the Imperial Palace in Tokyo. While the Tokyo Imperial Palace East Gardens are open to the public, the inner areas, including the primary residence of the Emperor, are restricted.

How Is the Genbaku Dome Preserved at Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park in Hiroshima?

The Genbaku Dome at Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park in Hiroshima is preserved as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It stands as a symbol of the atomic bombing, with its ruins left intact to commemorate the victims and promote peace.

Are There Any Restrictions on Visiting Itsukushima Shrine in Hiroshima Due to the Presence of Roaming Deer on Miyajima Island?

Visitors to Itsukushima Shrine in Hiroshima may encounter roaming deer on Miyajima island. However, there are no specific restrictions in place due to their presence. It adds to the unique experience of visiting the shrine.

To sum it up, Japan is a treasure trove of historical sites that offer a captivating glimpse into the country’s rich past.

From the iconic temples and shrines in Tokyo, Hiroshima, and Kyoto to the majestic castles scattered across the country, there is something for every history enthusiast.

Whether you’re marveling at the intricate architecture of Kinkakuji Temple or reflecting on the tragic history of Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park, these sites provide a truly immersive experience.

Plan your visit to Japan in 2023 and embark on a journey through time and culture that you won’t soon forget.

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20 Beautiful Ancient Ruins In Japan You Must Visit! 

Here’s a list of beautiful ancient ruins in Japan you simply have to check out! Read on to find more details of ancient ruins in Japan!

Hundreds and thousands of years ago, ancient man constructed tools, habitations, pyramids, created a civilization, etc. that are preserved for today’s generation. The discoveries might be debatable or annexed based on experimentation.

Significantly speaking, those discoveries of humans are still preserved and some are open to the public as historical attractions. 

Japan is well-known for preserving culture and traditions, including traditional arts, tea ceremonies, religions, architecture, and, most notably, ancient ruins.

• Related: Unique Places To visit In Japan

If you are living or planning to visit Japan for the uniqueness of its culture and traditions, this article will serve as your guide in choosing some of the best tourist attractions for ancient ruins in Japan. 

ANCIENT RUINS IN JAPAN YOU MUST VISIT

Ruins of ashikaga school, ashikaga.

The awe-inspiring ruins of Ashikaga School in Ashikaga, Japan, offer a peek into the history of this unique ancient city. 

Located in the foothills of Mount Asama, the ruins of the Ashikaga School are believed to have been built in the 12th century by the Ashikaga clan—the first shogunate of Japan. 

In 1921, the former Ashikaga School was designated as a National Historic Site. The school building, along with its garden, has been restored to its Edo period glory. pic.twitter.com/mDpaHd5Ws3 — Fragments of Japan (@fragmentsofjap1) November 9, 2021

The Ashikaga School served as the center of learning, art and politics for the culture and heritage of the Ashikaga clan. The school had a massive impact on the culture and education of Japan for hundreds of years, until it was finally destroyed in the early 19th century. 

Today, the ruins of the Ashikaga School are preserved as a national historic site, and visitors can explore the grounds and admire the architecture of the buildings. 

The visitors will be transported back in time as they walk through the ruins of Ashikaga School and witness its unique beauty that has been left untouched for centuries. 

Walking through the ruins of Ashikaga, visitors will see the school’s grand entrance, lined with looming cypress trees, and the majestic stone walls that surround the school. 

These magnificent stone walls, built hundreds of years ago, still stand today and allude to the ambition and foresight of shogun Ashikaga’s ancestors. 

The central hall of the Ashikaga School draws in visitors with its grand dome and intricately designed pillars. 

View this post on Instagram A post shared by 한서아/Yoko_Y (@soa1125)

The dome, with its original red color, stands as an exquisite example of ancient Japanese architecture and distinguishes the Ashikaga School as a landmark of historical significance. 

The grounds of Ashikaga School are also home to an array of temples and shrines. Through exploring these various religious structures, visitors can observe the complex relationship between the shogun Ashikaga and the Buddhist traditions. 

The ruins also host a graveyard, home to the remains of honorable past shoguns of the Ashikaga clan. 

Exploring the ruins of Ashikaga School is an opportunity for visitors to gain a deeper understanding and appreciation of the culture and history of Ashikaga, Japan. 

The beauty and grandeur of this ancient site are sure to be captivating and inspiring for any visitor. It is an experience that is sure to be remembered for years to come.

Uegusukujo Castle Ruin, Kumejima-cho

Uegusukujo Castle, located on the beautiful island of Kumejima-cho, is definitely one of the most incredible ancient ruins in Japan. 

Constructed in 1501 by the local lord Akahachi, it is the oldest extant castle in the country, and the only castle still in its original form. 

Over the centuries, the castle has experienced its fair share of wrecks: during a fire in 1709, all wooden structures were destroyed, and an earthquake in 1887 left the site virtually in ruins.

Uegusukujo Castle has even been recognized by the Japanese government as a National Historic Site. Visitors to the castle can enjoy the sight of its majestic stone walls, walk through its reconstructed inner courtyard, and explore its many ruins.

The ruins of the inner part of the castle are especially interesting, as they show the relentless storms of time and the forces of nature that can wear down even the most iron-clad structures.

From the outside, you can see the sprawling walls and gates, punctuated by a number of imposing towers, evoking a feeling of sheer grandeur. This ancient marvel is a reminder of Japan’s storied history and highly regarded culture.

Although it may not look like a typical castle, when you get close, you’ll see that the ruins of Uegusukujo Castle are incredibly well preserved. 

The wall-like structure is surrounded by lush greenery, giving it a tranquil and serene atmosphere. The architecture of the Uegusukujo Castle is also quite impressive, with a towering outer wall and a formidable inner section.

Inside the castle, you can discover a number of artefacts, such as pottery, armour, and other antiques, giving a deeper insight into the long-lost culture and history of the area. 

Peek inside one of the turrets of the outer wall, and you can find ancient furniture, such as tatami mats, valuable pottery, and furniture. It’s almost like a living museum.

On the outside of the castle, you can also find an impressive garden full of flowers, including cherry blossoms as well as different varieties of Japanese grass. The view is stunning and it’s the perfect place to take a moment to appreciate the stunning beauty of Uegusukujo Castle.

The Uegusukujo Castle Ruin is an amazing sight to behold and definitely worth a visit for any interested travellers. 

In the daytime, it’s a peaceful place to enjoy the natural scenery and appreciate the various artefacts. It’s also the perfect place to go for a moonlight stroll since the sight of the walls, turrets and other structures in the moonlight is quite spectacular. 

Plus, since the castle is located so close to the beach, it’s a great opportunity to combine a quiet sightseeing experience with a dip in the ocean. 

No matter what time of day you visit Uegusukujo Castle, it’s sure to be a truly magical experience. It’s the perfect place to get a sense of the ancient culture of Japan and a great spot for any history nerd looking to discover more about the surrounding area. 

Make sure to plan a visit to Uegusukujo Castle Ruin while in Kumejima-cho, it’s an experience that you won’t soon forget.

Gushikawa Castle Ruins

Gushikawa Castle Ruins have a long and remarkable history that draws attention from visitors all around the world. Once an influential stronghold, the ancient castle is now a visual reminder of one of Japan’s oldest empires. 

The castle dates back to the 13th century Sengoku Period. For centuries it was the home of Taira no Tadamori, a prominent warrior of the Taira clan. During Taira’s rule, the castle was considered a fortress of considerable power and opulence, a symbol of grandeur and protection. 

The ruins of Gushikawa Castle, with its fieldstone walls piled with natural stone along the cliff, give a sense of the style of the Ryukyu period. It is also a spot with a lovely view of the Pacific Ocean, which faces the sea on three sides. pic.twitter.com/NwoyJvepAy — TABIKURU_Global (@tabikuru_global) May 12, 2022

Having served as a significant cultural center for centuries, Gushikawa Castle Ruins have plenty of stories to tell about Japan’s past civilizations. 

Examples of this can be seen in the well-preserved stone walls, pathways, and watchtowers that date from the Edo Period and remain standing today. 

The castle saw a surge in popularity in the 17th century, when the Japanese blossom began to blossom in the region. The castle was fortified and beautified with a larger gate, walls, and more elaborate fortifications. 

For the next several hundred years, it served as a visual reminder of the kingdom’s strength and power.  

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Over the years, Gushikawa Castle was damaged multiple times by fires and warfare. 

Visitors to the castle today can explore the ruins and take in its bewitching beauty. You can wander the site and imagine what it must have been like to live there centuries ago. 

The winding stone pathways, impressive watchtowers, and remained walls create a vivid image of the former glory of this powerful kingdom. 

Gushikawa Castle Ruins have come to represent the rich history of Japan and the majestic culture that once surrounded it.

Whether you visit for its fascinating past, remarkable architecture, or simply for the unbelievable views, Gushikawa Castle Ruins is an incredible destination for anyone looking to explore Japan’s history.

Kaneishi Castle Ruins

Kaneishi Castle, located in the Iwate prefecture of Japan, is one of the most iconic and historical ruins of the nation. Its dramatic, enchanting structure stands tall in the landscape and is a testament to the culture and legacy of ancient Japan. 

Dating back to the early 15th century, the castle was a feudal lords home and later became a stronghold of the Date clan throughout the medieval ages.

Today, the remains of the castle are a popular sightseeing spot, as visitors come from all around the world to admire its nostalgic beauty and to learn of the fascinating history of its construction and demise. 

The delightful brick walls, the ancient towers and their majestic views, the graceful stone stairs — each feature of Kaneishi Castle has a story to tell.

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When you enter the grounds, be sure to admire the amazing view of the nearby countryside, which looks spectacular against the backdrop of the castle’s sleek structure. 

Follow the path that leads around the walls and up the majestic towers. You will arrive at the main tower, where you can observe all the intricate details of the castle and learn about its remarkable past. 

There is also a beautiful garden surrounded by a deep moat, adding to the grandeur of the grounds.

As you explore the ruins, be sure to keep an eye out for the traditional Shinto shrines and the Noh theater stage, which is still used for performances today. 

While taking a tour around the castle, be sure to look for historically important artifacts, such as swords and ancient armor, which are still on display in the museum.

The museum also houses many artifacts of the 15th century, as well as more recent pieces, giving an insight into its colorful past.

Kaneishi Castle is a beautiful reminder of Japan’s incredible history and should be visited by anyone with an interest in marveling at ancient ruins. Don’t miss an opportunity to stroll around the grounds, observe the magnificent towers and witness its grand red bricks scattered throughout the landscape. 

Whether you are seeking a romantic getaway or are looking for a true cultural experience, there’s no better place to be than Kaneishi Castle.

Aira Sanryo

Aira Sanryo is an ancient ruin located near Kawagoe in Saitama Prefecture, Japan. 

The remains of a royal palace, believed to have been built as early as the 8th century, it was once part of the Dai-Shoin castle, a picturesque and well-fortified castle during the Shogun era. 

Today, it is a popular historic site and a great place to explore and learn more about Japan’s past.

Aira Sanryo commands an impressive view of the surrounding countryside, which is dotted with temples and shrines. 

The ruin itself is nestled within an 11,000 square-metre forest, with a variety of trees including zelkova, Japanese maple, and Japanese cypress, making for a truly tranquil sight. 

From the ruins, one can also observe the beautifully landscaped Hikawa River below, a tranquil body of water surrounded by lush greenery.

Aira Sanryo is an expansive ruin, with various points of interest for explorers to discover. At the heart of the ruin is the Sanshuden, a majestic stone structure that serves as a memory-filled monument to the past. 

This building is composed of three large stones, which signify a grand hall, the palace itself, and its accompanying twin towers. Additionally, there is a temple that can be accessed within the ruin, along with a moat.

As you wander through the ruins, you will come across many artifacts that were unearthed in the site, such as stone tablets and pottery. 

Additionally, there are many symbols adorned onto the ruins, painted by local artists inspired by the ancient palace. These symbols can be used to decipher the history of the area, allowing visitors the opporunity to experience its rich past.

Moreover, Aira Sanryo is known for its stunning sunsets. These sunsets are best enjoyed from the top of the Sanraku tower, which stands as a guardian of the area. 

This unique vantage point also allows visitors to capture breathtaking photographs that encapsulate the beauty of the ancient ruin.

In conclusion, Aira Sanryo is an enchanting locale with a rich history. With its breathtaking views and artifacts, as well as its beautiful sunsets, it is a place not to be missed. 

Whether you’re an avid historian or simply looking for a quiet haven to explore, Aira Sanryo is sure to be an unforgettable experience.

Fujiwara Ancient Palace Ruin

Tucked away in the northern Kanto region of Japan lies one of the nation’s most fascinating and storied ancient ruins—the Fujiwara Palace Ruins. 

Revered as a monument to Japan’s ancient imperial era, this sprawling complex was once upon a time a flourishing palace built in 1060 by the Fujiwara clan. 

藤原京跡。持統天皇（女帝）の時に出来た日本で最初の本格的な都も、今は穏やかな公園になっていました。 Fujiwara Palace Ruins , to which Empress Jito moved the capital in 694, are a serene and large park now. pic.twitter.com/NZcNHJqZ3G — Tomoyuki Koshi (@tomokoshi2011) April 27, 2018

Situated on a wetland that was subject to frequent flooding, the Fujiwara Palace was home to Yasuko of the Nara branch, one of the most powerful female rulers during that time period. 

With the palace compound boasting nearly 80 buildings that were connected by more than 580 steps and a scenic lake nearby, visitors could easily get lost in the grandeur and history of the palace. 

Today, visitors to the Fujiwara Palace Ruins can witness the wonders of this bygone era firsthand. The ancient stone walls and pathways surrounding the still-intact buildings offer a captivating glimpse into the temple’s original grandeur. 

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As visitors explore the grounds, the many tales of the former Fujiwara clan come to life: tales of legendary shoguns, samurai warriors, sumptuous banquets, and beyond. It’s like stepping onto a time-machine and entering a different world. 

For those looking to journey deeper into history, the nearby Fujiwara no Michiyo Imperial Museum offers exhibits on the history and culture of the Fujiwara clan. 

The museum’s displays contain artifacts from excavations of the palace, such as household articles and other intriguing remnants. You can also learn about the rise and fall of the Fujiwara dynasty and how it shaped modern Japan. 

The Fujiwara Palace Ruins are a must-see for all those looking for an immersive visit to an imperial site. Whether you’re a die-hard history buff or simply a curious traveler passing by, the terraced palace ruins provide a unique opportunity to get a tangible understanding of Japan’s past. 

With its breathtaking architecture, incredible artifacts, and fascinating tales of the Fujiwara clan, the Fujiwara Palace Ruins are sure to leave you in awe.

Sannai-Maruyama Site, Aomori

Sannai-Maruyama site in Aomori, Japan is an archaeological wonder, providing visitors with a remarkable glimpse into the distant past. 

From #Aomori last week. A sudden rainbow at the Sannai-Maruyama Site! ? pic.twitter.com/ycuC5pZJ4f — shannen?? (@shannend29) November 17, 2018

Located in northern Japan, the Sannai-Maruyama site is a 5th century village that has been unearthed from its slumber. It was discovered in 1992, with thorough excavation beginning four years later.

The site was originally inhabited from the late Jomon Period until the early Edo Period and is now recognised as the continent’s largest late Jomon settlement. 

Spanning over 120, 000 square metres, the Sannai-Maruyama site is the perfect place to explore the Jomon lifestyle. It displays mud-plastered houses, pit dwellings, burials, and an impressive array of artefacts, such as pottery, clay figurines, and stone tools.

The site has been reconstructed to its original state, offering visitors a realistic glimpse into the past. 

You’ll feel the energy of the ancient times as you wander around the reconstructed Jomon dwellings, or stand in amazement as you make your way through the large-scale public building, known as the ‘area for festivals and rituals’. 

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There’s even a replica of the storehouse, where you can try your hand at traditional spinning and weaving techniques.

The grounds of this centuries-old site also contain several museum buildings, including the National Sannai-Maruyama Archaeology Museum. 

With an impressive collection of artefacts, this museum offers visitors a fascinating insight into the lives of people during the Jomon Period. As you move through the displays, you’ll gain a sense of the social structure, art, and lifestyle of the era.

In addition to the museum, there’s a vast outdoor area where you can explore the ruins on foot. 

This area is full of interesting points of interest, including the remains of an immense palace and a collection of burial mounds. You’ll also be able to take in fantastic views of the beautiful Aomori countryside.

The Sannai-Maruyama site of Aomori is a remarkable place and well worth visiting if you’re looking for a peek into the past. 

With its ancient ruins, stunning outdoor areas, and extensive museum displays, you’re sure to be captivated by this ancient civilisation. So be sure to add the Sannai-Maruyama site to your list of must-see Japanese historical sites!

Oyu Stone Circle

Ringing with an air of ancient mystery, the Oyu Stone Circle in Northern Japan is an archaeological marvel that attracts visitors from all over the world and throughout time. 

Located in the Akita Prefecture, in a part of the country steeped in myth and legend, the Oyu Stone Circle, or “Oyu-no-Michi”, is an awe-inspiring site featuring a circle of stones, varying in size and arranged in an elaborate pattern, that is believed by some to date back as far as 4,500 years, to the Jomon Period of early Japanese history.

1/4 Staying in Japan the Oyu Stone Circle was found in 1931 & is the biggest in Japan. The site consists of 2 main circles, the largest called Manza(46m diameter) & Nonakadō(42m diameter) small huts & a wood circle (reconstructed). The site is late Jomon around 2500BC-1500BC. pic.twitter.com/KZinLlC3bw — Santo Bartez (@santobartez) April 11, 2021

While it may not possess the towering grandeur of other ruins found in the land of the rising sun, the Oyu Stone Circle is no less remarkable and historical. 

Historians hold the belief that the Oyu Stone Circle was constructed with a purpose, perhaps with an understanding of astronomy or maybe even something spiritual, and that it was intended to be a symbolic way of marking the boundaries of the area, which are still respected by the local villagers and townsfolk.

Standing at the center of the circle is a stunning-looking monument called “Chinjiu-ishi”, meaning “red earth stone”, which is a granite cobblestone thought to be the heart of the precinct. 

[Mysterious ruins of Akita①] The Oyu stone circle is a site from the late Jomon period that is attracting attention as a power spot? pic.twitter.com/7hAjwgwFEI — 自然と歴史の一人旅ガイド Japan Nature&History Travel Guide (@HitoriRakutabi) November 23, 2022

Each stone section of the circle is cut from different materials making up a hardy and diverse mosaic, offering a truly remarkable viewing experience.

Encircling the ancient ruins is a magical aura, making it easy to surrender to the reveries of a forgotten era. 

Using your imagination, it is possible to envision a bustling hub of activity and entertainment that may have taken place within the area during the times of this ancient civilization. 

The area surrounding the Oyu Stone Circle is peaceful and tranquil, with lush green forests that grow right up to where the stones begin.

Explorers can take a leisurely walk along the dirt paths within the precinct, free to explore the area as they wish, while also paying tribute to this marvel of archaeological wonder.

The alluring mystique of the Oyu Stone Circle radiates through the air, supplying visitors with the kind of inspiration that lingers in sacred places and ancient ruins.

Walking along its historic grounds, it’s easy to appreciate how the ancient people were able to thrive in this area full of elegant stones and profound mystery. 

Though the full meaning of Oyu Stone Circle is shrouded in time, there’s something undeniably special and thought-provoking about the place that imparts a lasting impression in the mind of visitors.

A visit to the remarkable Oyu Stone Circle is an essential undertaking for those who wish to walk in the footsteps of Japan’s ancient peoples.

Karasawayama Castle Ruins

Karasawayama Castle is the stuff of legend, an ancient ruin full of mystique and steeped in history. 

Karasawayama Castle Ruin(唐沢山城) pic.twitter.com/asIzPz7CEJ — 朱夏 白秋 – Jun1 (@jun1_iguchi) October 24, 2021

Located in Kanzaki City, Saga prefecture, it claims an interesting piece of Japan’s past dating back to the medieval period. Also known as ‘the Lord’s Peak’, the castle stands tall, perched on the side of the mountain of the same name. 

The castle itself is in ruins, and the grounds have been converted into a park open to the public. 

A flight of stone steps takes visitors from the foot of the mountain up to the remains of the once sprawling fortress. As visitors approach the top of the mountain, a commanding view of the uneven stonework and watchtowers appears atop the natural raised terrain. 

Karasawayama Castle has seen a tumultuous past. Within its grounds are the ruins of a summer palace, a secondary palace known as ‘Chidorigoyomi’, the ruins of a citadel built in the centre of the castle, the ruins of Akiyama residence, and many burial mounds. 

The castle was once the home of the Kato clan, which fell to the powerful Shoni clan in the late 15th century. The Shoni clan held on to power until 1871, when it was overthrown in a a well known battle. 

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From that point onward, the castle was no longer in use as a stronghold. Today, visitors can explore the grounds and appreciate the appeal of this ancient landmark.

 Take your pick of activities – take a guided tour, take advantage of the hiking paths, or simply marvel at the beautiful contours of the castle from a distance. 

Throughout the year, Karasawayama Castle holds many festivals that honor its historical and cultural heritage. 

During these exciting occasions, visitors have the opportunity to enjoy traditional activities such as archery and Japanese martial arts. 

It’s also the perfect spot to appreciate the spectacular winter snowscapes, warm summer sunsets and stunning spring cherry blossom blooms. 

Karasawayama Castle is an enchanting ruin that captures the imagination of all who visit. It’s a delightful and enchanting spot visiting to experience a bit of Japan’s past. 

Venture to Kanzaki City and explore these fascinating ruins for yourself – after all, it’s an experience you’ll never forget.

Akayama Underground Ruins

The Akayama Underground Ruins are an awe-inspiring spectacle of Japan’s past that lie beneath the modern city of Fukuoka. Located just beneath the bustling downtown area, these forgotten ruins date back over a thousand years, revealing the rich history of this ancient city.

An underground passageway cuts along a subterranean valley of lush green, surrounded by moss-covered stones, leading to a network of complex rooms featuring intricate pillars, walls, and ceilings. 

With the faint light of nearby street lamps glinting off its walls, its impossible to deny the aura of mystery and history that linger here.

The Akayama Ruins are shrouded in obscurity and legend, with tales of bygone times, fantastic creatures, and historical events entwined within its walls. 

Featuring structures that are cleverly crafted with a meaningful purpose, these ruins remain a testament to Japan’s important historic roots.

As you follow the winding passageway through the ruins you’ll stumble upon a diverse array of features. Each room features its own unique charm, from the high ceiling of the main entrance hall to the carved designs in the ground floor. 

There’s also the earthen pathways, connecting the various paths, taking visitors on a journey through Japan’s past. 

The vaults of the Akayama Ruins also exhibit a peculiar beauty. As you explore its depths you may come across various objects and artifacts that have been tucked away here for centuries, silently telling a tale of Japan’s once bustling past.

The Akayama Ruins are a wonderful place to visit and are sure to ignite your curiosity and imagination. 

Whether you’re walking through its long forgotten paths or admiring its unique architecture, your experience here will be a memorable one.  So come and behold the beauty of the Akayama Ruins, and explore a forgotten part of Japan’s history.

Tojindaiba Ruins

The Tojindaiba ruins are an ancient settlement located deep within the Tochigi prefecture of Japan. Dating back to the 11th century, the ruins are a marvel of traditional Japanese architecture and are definitely worth a visit.

The walls of Tojindaiba are constructed of large, rectangular stones pressed together without mortar, allowing the original design and layout of the town to remain intact even after a millennium of erosion. 

The ancient site was once an important urban center, teeming with life and bustling with activity. Visitors to these ruins can imagine the vibrant life of this community before war and natural disasters destroyed many of its inhabitants.

Aside from its architectural features, the ruins have an ethereal beauty to them. The rolling hills, the sound of chirping birds and the peaceful atmosphere of the place creates a perfect setting for visitors to step back in time and imagine life as it was centuries ago.

The ruins feature numerous structures, including a three-story watchtower, a large ball court and several stilted temples. 

The structures are in various states of disrepair, with some crumbling walls and deteriorating beams, though many remain intact and show off the intricate detailing of the original site.

The grounds also contain a shrine, dedicated to the gods of fortune, which visitors are welcome to visit. Within the shrine, visitors will find a small statue of a blue mermaid who is said to bring good luck. 

Sitting here, visitors can feel the spirit of past generations around them, almost as if they are connected to them across time.

Visiting the Tojindaiba ruins is a great way to experience a slice of Japanese history and culture that has, until now, gone largely unnoticed and unappreciated. The ruins will take you back in time and let you experience a part of Japan’s culture that can’t be found anywhere else. 

Whether you’re a history buff, culture enthusiast or just an traveler looking for something unique, the ruins and its surrounding area offer an opportunity to experience a hidden part of Japanese history.

Komakino Ruins

One of the most impressive and stunning ancient ruins in Japan is the Komakino Ruins. 

Located in the city of Kasamatsu in the Nagano Prefecture, these ruins have been home to various types of destruction throughout history. Dating between the 8th and 10th centuries AD, the site can be identified as having been a former temple known as the Tōdai-ji prayer hall.

1/6 On a sloping hill near present-day Aomori City Japan the Jōmon peoples (late period 2000BC-1500BC) undertook an impressive building project to create what is now known as the Komakino ruins (小牧野遺跡). Lets take a look at this protected heritage site. pic.twitter.com/AqGmi4GWbu — Santo Bartez (@santobartez) December 3, 2021

The main feature of this site are the numerous excavations that have been undertaken. From within these excavations, archaeologists have found many valuable artifacts and evidence of a complex religious ceremony. This led to more detailed investigations which certified the authenticity of the ruins.

The ruins consist of a rectangular courtyard with an oblong shaped entrance hall. This entrance hall was used for a variety of religious and administrative ceremonies, such as for the installation of a new abbot. The walls surrounding the courtyard contain two giant stone pillars, an altar and multiple statues of gods and goddesses.

 Walking through the ruins, it is easy to feel the sense of awe that would have been experienced by the people during the period when it was in use.

Exploring further, you will also discover a shrine containing a number of wooden tablets; as well as traces of antiquity found in the fashion of pottery and sculptures of the deity that was worshipped.

Other highlights include different types of shrines, lithographs and paintings.

Given its beauty and grandeur, the ruins clearly remain a major tourist attraction in the city today. This is evidenced by the amount of guides and tours available, allowing tourists to get a more in-depth look into the history and religious significance of the site.

What’s more, the main draw of the Komakino ruins isn’t solely its history. The ruins are surrounded by a stunning environment of flowers and trees, allowing visitors to take pictures while also immersing themselves in the beauty of the landscape.

Overall, the Komakino ruins are highly recommended for anyone looking to experience the unique experience of exploring a place steeped in a vivid past.

Between the deep history and tranquil surroundings, the Komakino ruins will make for a soothing experience that anyone can enjoy.

Shimizudani Smelter Ruins

The Shimizudani Smelter Ruins are an absolute must-visit destination for anyone travelling to Japan who is looking for an immersive and enriching glimpse into the country’s storied and magnificent past. 

Located in the pristine hills of the Shimane prefecture, these ruins are a testament to Japan’s muddied and vibrant history.

The ruins are the remains of an ancient ironworks facility, and are believed to have been established as early as the 15th century. The place was known as the ‘Shimizudani Silver Smith’, and was renowned for the development of various katana sword parts.

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 It’s significant because the weapons crafted here helped shape the history of Japanese martial arts, so visiting these ruins serves as an eye-opening reminder of the appreciation and spirituality embodied by the country’s samurai culture.

Exploring these ruins is a particularly enchanting experience, with their intricate and vast structures standing in stark contrast to the surrounding, peaceful forests and mountains. 

Split into two sections, the ruins consist of a mostly abandoned industrial area as well as a slighter, more intact residential section. 

This separation reflects how, once upon a time, social classes were strictly divided, allowing visitors to catch a glimpse of the hierarchies of the bygone era during their visit here.

The industrial area holds a far more stimulating setting. Among the array of columns, furnaces, and slagpiles, many historial artifacts are dotted around, making it a treasure trove for any curious explorers. 

These artifacts include the remains of crucibles, slag runs, porous clay, and many other items that once played an active role in the ancient forging of samurai swords.

Despite the area being rather touristy, the ruins remain a tranquil and awe-inspiring place, with atmospheric ruins and calming rivers flowing through it. 

One of its most charming features is the five storied pagoda, whose structure has remained intact for hundreds of years. 

Its almost surreal presence serves as a reminder of the Samurai culture today and pays tribute to the hardworking and resourceful people who used to live here.

No matter what the season, the ruins of Shimizudani Silver Smith are a captivating and beautiful destination. 

Along with a wealth of cultural and social education, visiting the ruins allows visitors to revel in the soothing sound of chirping birds and leaves rustling in the breeze and silently admire the remarkable remnants of an undeniably unique era.

Kojindani Ruin

Kojindani Ruin is an attention-grabbing and mysterious ancient ruin located in the city of Takasaki, Japan. 

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Dating back to the early 10th century, it was once a flourishing settlement of the Jōmon period. Today, visitors can take a time machine and see the remnants of what remains.

First, when people arrive at the ruins, they will find many mysterious stone circles that make up the settlement. 

The cluster of these circles form a large spiral pattern, giving a bird’s eye view of the site from above. There are many theories as to why they were built, but what they symbolize remains unknown. Visitors can explore the interesting geometric shapes, attempting to unlock the mystery of their enigmatic purpose.

Next, people can check out the ‘keyhole’ tombs, which were once used to bury important local leaders. 

These large, rectangular shaped tombs are made of carved stones and are believed to have been used to store the ashes of the leaders. It’s amazing to wander around these ancient, mysterious structures, pondering what kind of lives were lived within these structures hundreds of years ago.

Not to mention, in the center of the ruins are ancient houses and dwellings that were made of clay. It is said that these dwellings served a variety of purposes, such as for storage, for sleeping, and for firewood. 

It is incredible to lay eyes on these ancient dwellings and imagine what went on in them centuries ago.

Moreover, visitors can explore the huge palace that was built in the latter part of the site. It is still standing today and gives a powerful glimpse into the life of Kojindani’s people. 

It is surrounded by many stone circles and tombs and is home to some of the most important artifacts from the past. Furthermore, here visitors can find beautiful gardens where they can take a break and relax, allowing them to fully submerge themselves in the history of the site.

Kojindani Ruin is an amazing historical site and a must-see for anyone interested in the ancient history and unique culture of Japan.

Visitors will feel like they’ve gone back in time, exploring the carefully crafted stones, tombs, and dwellings of the Jōmon period. Without a doubt, this ancient settlement is overflowing with mystery, beauty, and ancient stories.

Ki Castle (Kinojo Castle Ruins)

Kinojo Castle is an enigmatic testament to the majestic past of Japan. Although it sits in ruins today, it was once a stunning fortress located high in the Japanese Alps. Today, it remains one of the most awe-inspiring ancient ruins in the nation.

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Perched atop a towering peak, Kinojo Castle was built during the Sengoku period, a tumultuous period of samurai warfare that lasted nearly 150 years. 

As it stands today, Kinojo Castle is an impressive sight to behold. Its remaining stone walls stretch majestically along the ridge, reaching toward the sky and dwarfing any human walking the grounds. 

The entrance gate stands guard in formidable fashion and is almost as imposing today as it likely was centuries ago.

For those who venture into the ruins, Kinojo Castle offers a unique experience. It’s the perfect place to ponder the impressive construction capabilities of the Japanese people during a momentous era in their history. 

Visitors are drawn to the exciting archaeological possibilities of the site—will excavations ever reveal the inner quarters of the castle?

No visit to Kinojo Castle would be complete without a climb to the top of its monastery. 

From its peak, one can truly appreciate the sheer beauty and historical significance of the site. The expansive views stretch across the adjacent valley—it’s an amazing and inspiring sight.

There’s an unmistakable majesty to Kinojo Castle that defies description. Standing in the ancient ruins is like a time machine, transporting visitors back to the Sengoku period and beyond. 

Its fortified walls evoke a sense of mystery and deep admiration to those who visit. Kinojo Castle is truly one of Japan’s most cherished ancient ruins.

Yamanaka Castle Ruins, Mishima

The Yamanaka Castle Ruins in the charming Japanese city of Mishima is a sight that stirs the wanderlust in even the most reserved of tourists. 

#yamanakacastle Japan’s 100 Famous Castles It was renovated by Mr. Hojo in preparation for the “Toyotomi Hideyoshi” attack. In 1590, it was attacked by the army of 70,000 soldiers and was dropped in just one day. The feature of this castle is that “Shojibori”moat remains well. pic.twitter.com/kAuH1uwuhK — ゆーき?@お城クリエイター (@yuki_oha) June 1, 2019

It’s a historical attraction that can take your breath away with its majestic ancient walls, and its serene surrounding landscape helps to make this destination even more of a pleasure.

When people think of a castle ruin, they often think of a crumbled wall or two and perhaps a few fallen trees. But the ruins that make up the Yamanaka castle are a remarkable sight to behold. 

They are composed of a series of complex walls and towers, each of which has been carefully preserved from hundreds of years of abandonment and decay. When standing atop these structures, you can get a stunning view of the lush green landscape that envelops the entire city of Mishima—it’s a real feast for the eyes.

The castle itself dates back to the 15th and 16th century, where it was once the home of the powerful local lords of Mishima. 

It served as an important regional power base until it was abandoned in 1615, only to be restored in 1931. This allows visitors to step inside the castle with a unique time-honored appreciation of its grandeur.

Today, the Yamanaka castle allows visitors to take a peak into the lives of the powerful lords and the samurai who served them. 

As you explore the ruins, you can admire the intricate stone carvings, experience a hint of the past battles and battles lost, and learn about the mystic tales and folklore this castle has long kept hidden.

At these ruins, you’ll truly feel as if you are going back in time. The stone walls, stone pathways, and majestic architecture in play here are preserved as if no time has passed. 

Visitors attest to a feeling of pure awe and wonderment as they take in the grandeur of this ancient structure.

No matter the adventurers, the Yamanaka Castle Ruins of Mishima will certainly leave an everlasting impression. 

With its intricate stone pathways, lush surrounding landscapes and deep-rooted historic origins, the ruin provides visitors with a truly enthralling experience. It would be a shame to miss it while visiting Japan—so why not take a closer look while you’re in town?

YONAGUNI MONUMENT 

  The Yonaguni Monument, commonly known as “Yonaguni Submarine Ruins,” is one of the best historical underwater attractions in the southernmost of the Ryukyu Islands, Japan. 

In 1985, a Japanese man was diving off the south shore of the Ryukyu Islands , situated 76 miles off the east coast of Taiwan. He noticed a strange formation under the water. Upon closer inspection, he realized that he had stumbled upon the remnants of a lost civilization. 

The origins of the structure have been a topic of debate as to whether it is man-made or a natural phenomenon. 

Useful information to know when you are going to visit the Yogani Monument:

I highly advise being financially ready when you visit because it is quite expensive for the stay and the transportation fees. Note that trial dives to the underwater monument cost around 25,000 yen (182.95 USD).

Due to the strong water current, beginners are not allowed to dive. Swimmers and divers enter at their own risks. 

I have learned that seasons are preferable for divers and swimmers because the Yonaguni monument is prone to large numbers of migrating hammerhead sharks that can be seen around the island between late November and May.

During the time when I visited the Yonaguni islands, I personally asked the citizens of Yonaguni about their perceptions regarding the Yonaguni Monument’s origin. Many of them thought it was a natural phenomenon based on its appearance, but some divers believed it was a man-made stepped pyramid based on its structure. 

Due to many straight lines, some of the rocks purportedly have carvings. This theory contends that the structures are at least 5,000 years old and belong to a lost civilization.

Offshore water bodies: Pacific Ocean

Address : Yonaguni, Yaeyama District, Okinawa, Japan

OKUNOIN TEMPLE

If you are looking for a calm and relaxing atmosphere, then Okunoin Temple is highly recommended for you. It is known as the mausoleum site of Kobo Daishi, the founder of Shingon Buddhism and one of the most respected people in the religious history of Japan. 

The Okunoin temple is one of those spots, the large temple area spread over the top of the 800-meter high Mt. Koya.

 There are places within Okunoin Temple that empower the traditionality of the temple, which I had experienced before crossing the Ichinohashi Bridge and Gobyobashi Bridge. I had to bow to pay respect to Kobo Daishi. 

Furthermore, I also encountered the Gokusho Offering Hall, which requires visitors to make offerings and throw water for the deceased family members.

I note that when you are going to cross the Gobi Bashi Bridge, photos, food, and drinks are strictly prohibited. 

My favorite place is the Miroku Stone, a house in a small cage. I was challenged to lift the stone from the cage’s lower platform. It is believed that the stone feels lighter to good people than to bad people. 

Luckily, I had the experience of praying while meditating in the Kobo Daishi Mausoleum.

 I conclude that Okunoin Temple is good for everyone, especially those people who are going through difficult times in their lives. Despite my experiences, it provides me with peace of mind during my stay at Okunoin Temple.

Address : 550 Koyasan, Koya, Ito District, Wakayama 648-0294, Japan

SENSŌ-JI TEMPLE

It is one of the biggest attractions in the city of Tokyo, Japan. Senso-ji Temple is known as the oldest Buddhist temple in Tokyo, founded in 645 AD. The temple is typically famous for its oldest religious buildings, temple structure, as well as the lively colors of the temple. 

Way back in the 1600s, the Senso-ji temple was a family temple to be used as a spiritual protection against the invaders from the northeast.

The red lantern, which is 3.9 meters long, 3. 3 meters wide, and weighs 700 kilograms, is its trademark, as are two statues of the gods of wind and thunder, Fujin and Raijin, who welcome you to the Senso-ji temple.

Did you know that one of the advantages of my staycation at the Senso-ji Temple was that there was no admission fee for visitors? 

However, I still prefer that you be financially ready when you are going to visit the temple due to its famous Nakamise street. 

There are 90 stalls in the street that will attract your attention. Cakes, freshly toasted senbei crackers, matcha green tea ice cream, juicy fried meat croquettes, and more could be on the menu!

Truthfully, not only does the food and instagrammable scenery lighten your mood when you are at the Sens-ji temple, but it also comprises an introduction to Japan’s spirituality and way of life that could change your perspectives on how you see yourself and things in your surroundings. 

At the end of my day, I was happy to be able to experience one of its festivals—Sanja Matsuri—which allowed me to feel the harmony within the temple through the people’s flutes, whistles, and chanting. 

Architectural Style: Japanese Buddhist architecture 

Address : 2 Chome-3-1 Asakusa, Taito City, Tokyo 111-0032, Japan

AKAYAMA UNDERGROUND TUNNELS 

This place is recommended for those people who are invested in WWII topics due to its history. 

People believed that Tateyama’s naval air force used these tunnels as air raid shelters due to their unforgotten evidence, including remains found inside the tunnels of a power generator; accounts from people who actually worked in the tunnels before the war ended; and verbal statements that there was a hospital facility inside.

Frankly, the concept of Akayama Underground Tunnels gives me curiosity regarding the left documents, and mainly the generators found inside the tunnel. 

I do agree with those reviews that only some parts of it were open to the public, and it made me more curious about what more discoveries there would be if the whole tunnel was open to visitors. Furthermore, the stratum was really mesmerizing—I enjoyed staring at it.

Entrance Fee: 200 Yen (1.46 USD)

Address : 192-2 Miyagi, Tateyama, Chiba 294-0033, Japan

SAITAMA KOFUN PARK

Saitama Kofun Park is known for its cherry blossom trees and flowers, and additionally for its craggy land. It was founded between the fifth and seventh centuries AD. Moreover, the mound was selected for burying royalty and well-known members of the aristocracy. 

In keeping with its history, the traditional tombs were hand-made. Time passes by and it forms a stunning hilly land with flowers and cherry blossoms that has been fashioned naturally throughout the past millennium years.

At first, I assumed that Sakitama Kofun Park was just famous for its cherry blossoms and burial mounds. After exploring the park, I additionally acknowledged the museum inside, and that I also discovered the Inariyama Sword. 

Despite the rustiness of the blade, you will be able to clearly see the carving on the sword along with the Haniwa-clay figure that was created for rituals.

Note about the fee : there are charges for the exhibition hall in Shogunyama Mound and the museum of the Ancient Burial Mounds. The entry cost was 200 yen per adult and 100 yen for school-aged children.

Address : ４８３４番地 Sakitama, Gyoda, Saitama 361-0025, Japan

Tips When Visiting Ancient Ruin in Japan

• As previously stated, be financially prepared for the expenses, especially when visiting the shopping streets due to the delicious foods and drinks.
• Make sure to attend the Matsuri festival. I bet you will enjoy the festival because it is lively and bursting with color.
• Prepare a list of the places you want to visit in Japan.
• The common experience that I learned in Japan is to think before you tip because it is mostly turned down. If you do so, please be in a manner that matches their etiquette. 
• Let yourself enjoy the scenery of Japan.

Generally speaking, Japan would be a very good country to visit, not only because of its culture and traditions but also because of the people who live there.

It is a tourist-friendly country, and knowing the low crime rate makes us feel safe around the surroundings.

My insights after spending my time in a stunning place in Japan made me realize that the preservation of traditions and culture is everywhere and it keeps the country unique in how people value their beliefs and actions. In addition to that, Japan is well known for its technological advancement. 

I truly admired the stability of culture and traditions in the advancement of technology.

If I am given the opportunity to tour, I would choose Japan again for making my staycation memorable and making me eager to discover the country.

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12 Best Historical Sites of Japan

By: Author Stefania Guglielmi

Posted on Last updated: January 1, 2023

Categories Asia , Japan

Temples, castles, and parks – Japan has it all. Check out the top 12 Japan historical sites.

Japan is known for its blend of the ancient and modern. It’s the embodiment of modern technology with the advent of robot cafes, electric cars, and so on. But the historical sites and attractions that can be found in Japan provide something to marvel at for those who are into history and culture. 

Japan has a long and complex history, which is undeniably fascinating. The ancient customs and traditions of Japan are still very present in the society and the mind of its locals despite the country’s advancements in the field of technology. One of the best ways to get to know the country is to visit these historical attractions in Japan so you can learn more about the history and culture of the nation and its people. 

Table of Contents

TOKYO HISTORICAL SITES

Meiji jingu (tokyo).

Also known as the Meiji Shrine, this historical monument is located in Shibuya, Tokyo. This shrine was built as a dedication to the spirits of the Emperor Meiji and Empress Shoken. The Emperor was best known for opening Japan to the West and is now known as one of the most important Shinto shrines in Tokyo. This shrine is built on a quiet and rustic land with a park that spans 200 acres in size behind a 12-meter torii gate that you must pass through to get to the shrine.

Admission to the Meiji Shrine is free and it’s open from sunrise to sunset. To get here, you can take the JR Yamanote line and get down at Harajuku station. 

Sensoji Temple (Tokyo)

Sensoji Temple is known as the oldest temple in Tokyo. In a city filled with so many temples, this one has been around for one and a half millennia and is home to the biggest souvenir market in Tokyo and other must-see points of interests such as the Kaminarimon Gate. This temple is a must-visit because of its historical and cultural significance, but also for the sightseeing opportunities. When you visit, don’t miss out on the Nakamise Shopping Street that is filled with tourists!

To get to Sensoji Temple, it’s a 17-minute train ride away from Tokyo Station. 

Kamakura is a seaside city that is located in the Kanagawa Prefecture about an hour away from Tokyo. During the late 12th century, this city was the political center of Japan. And when the Kamakura government fell in the 14th century, it continued to function as the political center for Eastern Japan. It’s a dark contrast to what the city now is – small and flocked by tourists, full of an abundance of temples, historical monuments, and shrines. The sand beaches in Kamakura are also a crowd favorite during the summer months.

Some of the top attractions worth seeing in Kamakura are the Great Buddha, Hokokuji Temple, Hachimangu Shrine, Kenchoji Temple, and the Zeniarai Benten, among others. 

WHERE TO STAY IN TOKYO

Shinjuku is a futuristic neighborhood that is probably what most people would imagine Tokyo to be like. Tokyo is a large city with many eclectic neighborhoods and Shinjuku is one of them. This area is one of the best areas to stay in Tokyo. If you go for a hotel in Tokyo Shinjuku you’ll always be located close to metro and train stations so it’s easy to get around. Transport link is the number one factor to consider when you are deciding where to stay in Tokyo. Another reason to stay in Shinjuku is that it looks like classic Tokyo. It’s what you would picture modern Tokyo to look like – neon lights, electronic stores, busy train stations, and towering skyscrapers. You can see a great mix of all kinds of businesses and it’s always very active. It’s quite crowded and there are plenty of things going on – but that is part of its appeal! If you are looking for historical attractions, this area is also unique because this is where you can find both modern and ancient blended into one. Memory Lane, in Shinjuku, is one of the must-visit streets in Tokyo. Walking through this street feels like you are stepping back in time; so, it’s accurately named. There are also plenty of traditional restaurants you can find (and must try) here.

KYOTO HISTORICAL SITES

Kyoto golden pavilion.

This zen temple in Northern Kyoto is one of the most photographed temples in Japan. It’s also one of the most historically significant temples, making it a worthy addition to this list. As the name implies, this temple is covered in gold leaf and is made up of three floors. This pavilion used to be the retirement villa of the shogun Ashikaga Yoshimitsu. After his death in 1408, it was transformed into a Zen temple. 

Overlooking a beautiful pond, the temple’s  structure went through numerous rebuilding processes and its current state was built quite recently, in 1955. To visit this temple, you can take Bus number 101 or 205 from Kyoto Station or take the Karasuma line to Kitaoji Station. 

Kyoto Imperial Palace

The Kyoto Imperial Palace was the home of the Japanese Imperial Family until 1868. After that year, the capital of Japan was moved from Kyoto to Tokyo. The Kyoto Imperial Palace is part of the Kyoto Imperial Park, right at the heart of the city. Another attraction worth visiting within the park is the Sento Imperial Palace.

The Kyoto Imperial Palace was most recently restored in 1855 after it was burnt down. The entire complex counts with halls, gardens, and numerous gates. Today, the palace grounds are open for tourists who want to explore without any prior tour arrangements. Unfortunately, getting inside of the buildings is not allowed. 

Kiyomizudera, Kyoto

The Kiyomizudera Temple, also known as Pure Water Temple, is one of the top historical landmarks in Japan. Known for its large wooden terrace, the temple was founded in 780 and it was named like that because it was built on the site of the Otowa Waterfall. It used to be previously connected with the Hosso sect, which is known as the most ancient Buddhist school in Japan. This site was also recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1994.

The wooden stage that rises out from the main hall of the temple is the building’s most prominent feature. Standing there, you can enjoy an incredible view of the surrounding cherry and maple trees, and even the view of the city of Kyoto at a distance. Some other notable features of the temple include the Okunoin Hall and the Koyasu Pagoda. 

To get here, you must take the Keihan Railway line and get off at the Kiyomizu-Gojo station. 

OTHER HISTORICAL PLACES OF JAPAN

Hiroshima peace memorial park.

The Peace Memorial Park in Hiroshima is another one of the top historical places of Japan. In fact, this is one of the most sought after tourist attractions in the city. This is a massive park that spans a total land area of 120,000 square meters. It’s filled with walking paths, trees, and lawns, which provide a green oasis to the chaotic downtown area that surrounds it.

Prior to the nuclear bombing, this area used to be a political and commercial district. After the bombing, it was transformed into a park for peace memorial facilities. The Peace Memorial Museum is also located within the park and the A-Bomb Dome is the most striking figure here (also known as the Hiroshima Peace Memorial). 

Temples of Nara

Nara is one of the best historical cities in Japan. It’s home to many great temples; in fact, you kinda need to tick off the “Seven Great Temples of Nara” in your travel bucket list. These temples are the Todaiji Temple, Saidaiji Temple, Yakushiji Temple, Horyuji Temple, Daianji Temple, Kofukuji Temple, and the Gangoji Temple. Most of these temples have remained largely intact until today. 

Each temple has its own peculiarity:

• Yakushi-ji was built in the 7th century and is home to a fine collection of Buddhist art objects.
• Todai-ji Temple is known as the largest wooden structure in the world.
• Saidai-ji Temple is known for its Hasedera-style Kannon Bosatsu carving.
• Kofuku-ji Temple served as the clan temple of the Fujiwara clan.
• Horyu-ji is a large temple home to the oldest wooden buildings in the world.
• Gango-ji is among the oldest temples in Japan. A
• nd Daian-ji Temple is the final stop in the Yamato Jusan Butsu pilgrimage. 

Nikko is a town in Japan that is famous for Toshogu – the most lavishly decorated shrine in Japan which houses the mausoleum for Tokugawa Ieyasu. For many centuries since the 1600s, Nikko served as the center of Shinto and Buddhist mountain worship. The Nikko National Park is one of the most visited attractions in town in which you can find a charming array of natural formations such as hot springs, mountainous landscapes, waterfalls, lakes, hiking trails, and wild monkeys.

The Okunikko area of Nikko, in particular, is popularly visited by tourists during the fall season because of the beautiful autumn colors. This town is located within the Romantic Road of Japan.

Osaka Castle

The Osaka Castle is one of the most beautiful castles in Japan. It was first constructed in 1583 at the former site of the Ishiyama Honganji Temple. When that temple was destroyed, this castle was built and Toyotomi Hideyoshi intended for it to become the new center of Japan under his rule. During that time, the Osaka Castle was the largest of its type in Japan.

The castle tower is one of the most prominent features of this castle. It’s made with secondary citadels, turrets (small towers on top of a larger tower), gates, stone walls, and moats. The castle also has the Nishinomaru Garden, which is filled with more than 600 cherry trees, a guest house, tea house, and more. The entire park in the castle spans 2 square kilometers with plenty of green spaces and sports facilities. It’s also a popular spot to visit during the cherry blossom season. 

Nagasaki Peace Park

Nagasaki Peace Park is another notable tourist attraction in Japan. Built to commemorate the atomic bombing in the city of Nagasaki in August 1945, the peace park is actually part of a complex that consists of a memorial museum and two parks. The Hydrocenter Park is at the heart of this complex which also marks the epicenter of the bombing explosion. When you visit the park today, you can still find remains of the bombing on the site.

The memorial park is a few kilometers north of Urakami. You can take the tram line 1 or 3 and get off the JR Nagasaki Station. 

Fukuoka Castle 

Fukuoka Castle is right at the heart of the city’s Maizuru Park. Despite the name, only the ruins are left of the castle. It was once a large castle but it was completely demolished during the Meiji Restoration because it was considered an unwanted symbol of the past. When you visit the site today, you will only find the ruined walls and the turrets. All the same, the park still draws tourists because it has plenty of walking paths to explore and lookout points. The Fukuoka Castle was built at the start of the 17th century. 

Since this is a famous spot for cherry blossom viewing, the best time to visit Fukuoka Castle and its ruins is during the cherry blossom season in late March to early April. A few other surviving structures of the castle that are worth visiting are the guard towers and gates. 

Stefania Guglielmi is the founder of Every Steph. Originally from Bologna, Italy, she's been traveling full-time since 2016 and has visited over 50 countries across 6 continents. She believes sustainable travel and luxury travel can go hand in hand and has been advocating for responsible tourism since 2014. Stefania's advice and travel experiences have been featured in important publications such as Business Insider, Refinery29, and Yahoo Money.

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Friday 17th of March 2023

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Journey through Japan’s Ancient History: Top 12 Cultural Sites in Japan

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Japan, a country steeped in history and tradition, offers a plethora of cultural sites that transport visitors back in time. From ancient temples and shrines to historic landmarks, this East Asian nation is a treasure trove for history buffs. In this article, we will take you on a journey through Japan’s ancient history, exploring top 12 cultural sites in Japan that represent the country’s rich heritage.

• Senso-ji: Asakusa's Ancient Buddhist Temple

Kiyomizu-dera: A Temple with Breathtaking Views

Kasuga taisha: a sacred shinto shrine, itsukushima shrine: the iconic floating shrine, nikko national park: a natural and cultural wonderland, tokyo: a capital city, imperial palace: the residence of japan’s royal family.

The Imperial Palace, located in the heart of Tokyo , is the primary residence of Japan’s Emperor and his family. While the inner grounds of the palace are not open to the public except on rare occasions, visitors can still admire the beautiful gardens, moats, and historic architecture from the outer areas. Guided tours are available through the East Gardens, providing an opportunity to learn about Japan’s royal history and the site’s significance.

Senso-ji: Asakusa’s Ancient Buddhist Temple

Senso-ji, also known as Asakusa Temple, is Tokyo ‘s oldest and most famous Buddhist temple. Founded in the 7th century, the temple is dedicated to Kannon, the goddess of mercy. The iconic Kaminarimon Gate, with its massive red lantern, leads to the bustling Nakamise shopping street, where you can find traditional Japanese souvenirs and snacks. The temple’s main hall, pagoda, and beautifully landscaped gardens offer a glimpse into Japan’s ancient past, right in the heart of the modern city.

Kyoto: Japan’s Ancient Capital

Kinkaku-ji: the golden pavilion.

The Golden Pavilion, or Kinkaku-ji, is one of Kyoto ‘s most famous landmarks. Built in the 14th century as a retirement villa for shogun Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, this Zen Buddhist temple is a stunning example of Japanese architecture. The pavilion’s top two floors are covered in gold leaf, creating a dazzling reflection on the surrounding pond. The temple’s serene setting and beautiful gardens make it a must-visit destination for anyone interested in Japan’s history.

Perched on a hillside overlooking the city of Kyoto, Kiyomizu-dera is a historic temple dating back to the 8th century. The temple’s wooden stage offers spectacular views of the city, and its beautiful cherry blossoms and autumn foliage make it a popular destination throughout the year. Don’t forget to visit the Jishu Shrine, dedicated to the god of love and matchmaking, located within the temple grounds.

Nara: The Birthplace of Japanese Culture

Todai-ji: the world’s largest wooden building.

Todai-ji, in Nara Park, is a renowned Buddhist temple complex featuring the world’s largest wooden building, the Great Buddha Hall (Daibutsuden), and the world’s largest bronze Buddha statue. The immense hall, made from cypress wood, showcases the exceptional skills of ancient Japanese builders, while the colossal Buddha statue represents Vairocana Buddha. Visiting Todai-ji offers a unique insight into Japan’s ancient history and architectural prowess.

Kasuga Taisha, established in the 8th century, is Nara’s most celebrated Shinto shrine. Surrounded by a tranquil forest, the shrine is famous for its thousands of stone lanterns lining the pathways, creating a mystical ambiance. The shrine is dedicated to the deity responsible for the protection of the city, and its vivid vermilion color, adorned with intricate carvings, makes it a unique site to visit.

Hiroshima: A City with a Tragic Past

Hiroshima peace memorial park.

Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park serves as a sobering reminder of the city’s tragic past. Established to commemorate the victims of the atomic bombing in 1945, the park contains several monuments, including the A-Bomb Dome, a UNESCO World Heritage site. The park also houses the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum, providing insight into the city’s history and promoting the message of world peace.

Located on the island of Miyajima, Itsukushima Shrine is an iconic Shinto shrine best known for its giant torii gate that appears to float on the water during high tide. The shrine complex, with its vermilion-colored buildings, dates back to the 12th century and is a UNESCO World Heritage site. Its picturesque location makes it a popular destination for tourists and photographers alike.

Nikko: A World Heritage Site

Toshogu shrine: the lavish mausoleum of tokugawa ieyasu.

Nestled in the mountains of Nikko, Toshogu Shrine is the final resting place of Tokugawa Ieyasu, the founder of the Tokugawa shogunate that ruled Japan for over 250 years. The shrine’s elaborate decorations and intricate carvings, including the famous “Three Wise Monkeys,” make it a stunning example of Japanese craftsmanship. The surrounding cedar forests add to the shrine’s spiritual atmosphere.

Nikko National Park, encompassing Toshogu Shrine and other cultural sites, offers a perfect blend of natural beauty and historic landmarks. From the famous Kegon Waterfall to the serene Lake Chuzenji, the park’s diverse landscapes provide a scenic backdrop for exploring Japan’s ancient history. Don’t miss the opportunity to visit the scenic Yumoto Onsen area, known for its hot springs and traditional ryokan accommodations.

Kamakura: The Samurai Capital

Great buddha of kamakura: the second largest buddha in japan.

The Great Buddha of Kamakura, or Kamakura Daibutsu, is a massive bronze statue of Amida Buddha located at the Kotoku-in Temple. Measuring over 11 meters in height and weighing approximately 121 tons, this iconic statue is the second largest Buddha in Japan. The serene expression and impressive scale of the statue make it a must-see attraction in Kamakura.

Tsurugaoka Hachimangu: The Heart of Kamakura

Tsurugaoka Hachimangu is Kamakura’s most important Shinto shrine, established by the city’s founder, Minamoto no Yoritomo, in the 12th century. The shrine’s majestic vermilion torii gates, beautiful gardens, and lively festivals make it a vibrant cultural center of the city. The surrounding area, with its charming streets lined with shops and restaurants, is perfect for leisurely exploration.

Japan’s ancient history is filled with captivating stories and remarkable cultural sites. From the tranquil temples of Kyoto to the bustling streets of Kamakura, each destination provides a unique glimpse into the country’s rich heritage. A journey through Japan’s ancient history not only offers the opportunity to admire architectural marvels but also allows travelers to immerse themselves in the traditions, spirituality, and natural beauty that have shaped Japanese culture for centuries.

What is the best time to visit Japan for exploring cultural sites?

While Japan is beautiful year-round, the spring cherry blossom season (March to April) and the autumn foliage season (October to November) are particularly enchanting times to visit. The pleasant weather and colorful landscapes during these periods make sightseeing even more enjoyable.

Do I need to follow any specific etiquette when visiting temples and shrines in Japan?

Yes, it is essential to observe proper etiquette while visiting religious sites in Japan. Some basic rules include removing your shoes before entering temple buildings, not taking photos in restricted areas, and refraining from loud conversations. It is also customary to bow slightly when entering and exiting shrines and temples.

Is it easy to navigate Japan’s cultural sites using public transportation?

Japan has an extensive and efficient public transportation system, making it relatively easy to travel between cultural sites. Trains and buses connect most major cities and tourist destinations. For a hassle-free experience, consider purchasing a Japan Rail Pass, which allows unlimited travel on JR trains for a fixed period.

Are English-speaking guides available at these cultural sites?

Many cultural sites in Japan offer English-speaking guides or audio guides for an additional fee. In some cases, volunteer guides may be available free of charge. It is advisable to research in advance or inquire at the site’s information center for specific details.

Are there any restrictions on photography at these cultural sites?

While photography is generally allowed at most cultural sites in Japan, some locations may have specific restrictions or prohibit photography altogether, especially inside temples and shrines. Always look for signage indicating any restrictions and respect the rules to ensure a pleasant visit for all.

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6 Most Important Ancient Kiln Towns in Japan

Becoming a traditional craftsman is an all-encompassing way of life anywhere in the world, and maybe even more so in Japan. Those who relish in the world of traditional Japanese arts and crafts are known to dedicate their lives to perfecting their artisanal specialty, which leads to very high-quality products with their own particular style and aesthetics. 

Pottery has a long history in Japan that goes all the way back to the Jomon Period thousands of years ago. This has led to the development of several ancient kiln towns in Japan which are very interesting to visit for those with an interest in pottery and ceramics. Here is a list of the 6 most important ancient kiln towns in Japan that are certainly worth a visit!

1. Seto

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Not far from major hub city Nagoya in the hilly northern part of Aichi prefecture, you can find the ancient kiln town, Seto. The town has been producing pottery since just before the Kamakura Period , when the city specialized in making Buddhist artifacts for ceremonial usage. 

It is said that the person who really established Seto as a kiln town, Toshiro Kato, first studied porcelain in China and chose Seto to produce homemade wares because of its high-quality clay. During the Edo Period , potter Tamikichi Kato brought techniques from Arita which further honed the skills of the Seto craftsmen. 

Nowadays, Seto still produces pottery and ceramics as well as houseware such as washbasins and even toilet bowls. As a visitor, there are several pottery-related museums to enjoy and you can also make your own pottery at several workshops. Additionally, the Hosenji temple, Seto Hongyo Kiln, Kamagaki-no-komichi, and the Hounji temple are all pottery-related places in Seto that are worth a stop-off.

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Bizen ware, which is famous for its earthen, rustic character, has connections to Sue pottery (ancient stoneware) that dates back all the way to the Heian Period . Bizen ware itself goes back to the Kamakura Period, and because of its beautiful appearance, Bizen pottery became popular for use during tea ceremonies . 

Now, Bizen ware is still made in around 300 kilns regionally. Because it is fired under high temperatures, Bizen ware is extremely hard compared to other types of ceramics making it entirely unique. Modern Bizen ware comes in different colors, not only the earthen tones but what is relatively constant is that it is unglazed and usually has a simple, minimalist form. 

If you are traveling between Osaka and Hiroshima , Okayama and Bizen are great places to add to your itinerary. In Bizen, the Bizen Pottery Traditional and Contemporary Art Museum is a must-visit, and you can make your own in Pottery Workshop Mugenan.

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A one-hour train ride from popular tourist destination Kanazawa is Echizen, a small town in Fukui Prefecture that is renowned for its various artisans. Besides pottery, the town also excels in knife-making and washi paper production making it a one-shop-stop for craft lovers!

The creation of pottery in this area started around the 12th century, and its characteristics are quite similar to that of Bizen ware which originated around the same time. Echizen ware has a dark, reddish-brown color which comes from the iron-rich clay that is used to produce it. Ceramics from Echizen are not glazed, but patterns emerge as a result of the firing process that involves sticking ashes from wood on the clay as it bakes.

After the Echizen-style lost its popularity for a few centuries, the prefecture has made efforts to bring interest in its wares back and revitalize the industry. They opened the Echizen Pottery Village in 1970 where you can find an extensive museum, a pottery school, a sculpture park, and a Ceramic Arts Center. You can also spend the night in traditional accommodation near a hot spring facility , where you will enjoy a scrumptious dinner served on Echizen ware making your visit truly special.

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Located in Aichi Prefecture just like Seto, Tokoname is famous for its beautiful and sturdy redware. With a pottery tradition going back to the 12th century and having been going strong ever since the picturesque town has been thriving with its industry and is a well-known name throughout Japan. 

Nowadays, they produce not only goods such as wind chimes and teapots, but also industrial products like roof tiles and water pipelines. With around 60 climbing kilns still in operation in Tokoname, the largest one in Japan has been preserved here and can still be visited today.

There are many other pottery-related places of interest to visit in Tokoname as well such as small museums, the preserved Takeda Family Residence, and the must-see Dokanzaka, which is a photogenic street that is constructed with pottery materials and the symbol of Tokoname. There are two well-marked Pottery Footpaths that pass by most of the town’s highlights. It is also nice to make a stop at the northern Ono-cho area which was a thriving port for many centuries and has a scenic area with wooden houses.

Recommended tour in Tokoname ▶ Tokoname Walking Tour and Visiting Pottery Studio

Tucked away deep in the countryside east of Kyoto and Nara is Shigaraki-cho, a small village in Shiga Prefecture with a long history of producing stoneware pottery. Said to have been influenced heavily by Bizen pottery, Shigaraki ware has developed its distinct special features when utensils were needed for tea ceremony use around Kyoto.

Having been influenced by Buddhist principles, the concept of wabi-sabi is well worked into Shigaraki ware’s designs. One of the wabi-sabi’s concepts is that something acquires its beauty by having imperfections, as it is the imperfections that make something interesting. 

In the modern days, production has shifted toward making planters for bonsai trees and the decorative tanuki statues that are seen in front of many restaurants in Japan and are said to bring good fortune.

Visiting the small town means that you can enjoy a day in the countryside with a focus on pottery crafts and it is fun to go around the town’s center and look around the small shops, galleries, and workshops in the area. Renting a bicycle can be a good idea as well, as some of the workshops are a bit spread around the town.

A little over one hour by train from Osaka is the charming old city of Tamba Sasayama , which has one of the longest histories as a pottery town that goes back all the way to the Heian era . 

Tamba pottery has a characteristic simple and rustic coloring, and while the production of Tamba ware is similar to that of other Japanese pottery, what makes it unique is that it is produced with a counter-clockwise turn instead of a customary clockwise turn. 

Many different kinds of wares are produced in the Tamba style such as tea utensils, sake bottles, and tableware. In the Tachikui Pottery Village, you can find the Tamba Traditional Crafts Park with many decorations made of pottery all over the park and exhibitions and Potter’s Alley where you can explore pottery studios and shops. There is a 120-year-old climbing kiln on display as well.

For those looking to get a hands-on experience, there are pottery classrooms available too where you can try your hand at creating some pretty pieces of your own. And just like in Shigaraki, exploring the small town by bicycle is a great option if you want to squeeze in a few more miles during your trip.

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Happy traveling!

Stefanie Akkerman moved from the Netherlands to Japan in 2013 with her Japanese husband and son. She jumped into the niche of Dutch tour guiding in Tokyo and Kamakura in 2015 and occasionally writes articles about all the great sights and activities Japan has to offer. She loves (Japanese) food, and to work that all off she goes diving, snorkeling, cycling, or hiking.

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Ancient Japan: Must-See Japanese Buildings With Around 1,000 Years of History

• Alexander Litz
• Steve Csorgo

While neon lights and giant robots are icons of modern Japan, the country has also excelled at protecting and preserving its ancient history and culture. Despite myriad disasters, Japan is home to several ancient buildings that have stood the test of time for nearly 1,000 years, granting us an authentic glimpse into its past. This article will introduce 8 ancient Japanese buildings, including the oldest building in Japan, to fill your itinerary with snapshots of long ago!

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Why Aren’t There More Ancient Buildings in Japan?

Earthquakes, tsunamis, fires, volcanos ーit’s no secret that due to its location on the Ring of Fire and other factors, Japan has long been plagued by calamities. Historically, such disasters, particularly earthquakes, have made it difficult for Japanese people to build large structures out of stone, and with wood being the main alternative, fire and decay has been a notorious challenge in preserving historic buildings throughout the centuries.

Periods of immense destruction like the Sengoku Period (1467-1567) and World War II likewise saw the obliteration of much of Japan’s ancient streetscapes, and many of the old castles , shrines, and temples we see today have actually been reconstructed numerous times, making it difficult to call them truly “ancient” even if they have a history stretching back millennia.

That being said, call it divine intervention or chalk it up to proper maintenance, there are a number of ancient buildings dotting Japan that have managed to escape this all-too-common fate. Here are some of the oldest buildings in Japan that we can confidently say are truly ancient!

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1. Horyuji Temple (Nara Prefecture)

Horyuji Temple is believed to have been initially founded as a Buddhist institution in 607, and is counted among the Seven Great Temples of Nara . Its precincts house several ancient structures, including what are said to be the oldest wooden buildings in the world! These include the Chumon (Central Gate), Kondo (Main Hall), and Five-Storied Pagoda, which boast at least 1,300 years of history.

The temple was originally constructed by Prince Shotoku, who contributed greatly to the spread of Buddhism in Japan, together with Empress Suiko, Japan’s first female sovereign, and its stately, solemn architecture continues to leave deep impressions. With such an immense legacy, it’s no surprise that it was one of the first World Heritage Sites registered in Japan.

While Horyuji Temple has undergone several renovations over the centuries to ensure its longevity, much of it has managed to escape destruction, and its treasures can be safely deemed authentic relics of the past.

Its iconic Five-Storied Pagoda stands proudly as the oldest in Japan, while each individual building presents a collection of priceless Buddhist relics. The Kondo is particularly famous for its ancient Buddhist statues, including a gilt bronze statue of Buddha created upon Prince Shotoku’s death in 622. The fierce statues of Kongo Rikishi, the guardians of Buddha and a common sight at temples in Japan, are also said to be among the oldest in the country.

2. Hokiji Temple (Nara Prefecture)

After the passing of Prince Shotoku, his son, Prince Yamashiro, erected Hokiji Temple in 708 to realize his late father’s wishes. It was built on the site of Okamoto Palace, where Prince Shotoku had lectured on the Lotus Sutra, and while it initially flourished, it eventually fell under the jurisdiction of the nearby Horyuji Temple, and waned into near obscurity. Thankfully, the priest Shinsei Ennin and his followers restored its iconic three-storied pagoda and added buildings in the late 17th century, and today it is rightfully recognized as one of Nara’s most ancient and precious treasures.

Standing at an impressive 24 meters in height, the Three-Storied Pagoda of Hokiji Temple is the oldest of its kind in Japan, and is the sole remaining original building on the grounds. It presents one of the few opportunities to see genuine architecture from the Asuka Period (538-710) up close, and even untrained eyes will no doubt marvel at the level of craftsmanship and precision of the carpentry.

Accommodation Near Hokiji Temple and Horyuji Temple: Temple Town Hotel WAQOO Horyuji

3. Yakushiji Temple (Nara Prefecture)

Together with Horyuji, Yakushiji is another of the Seven Great Temples of Nara, and was built in the year 680 under orders from Emperor Tenmu. When his wife, Empress Jito, fell ill, the Emperor commissioned the construction of Yakushiji (named after the Healing Buddha) to pray for her recovery, and his wish was soon granted.

Like many wooden Japanese buildings, Yakushiji Temple has not gone through time unscathed. Having ignited in flame time and time again, the only original structure standing today is its East Pagoda. This 33.6-meter-tall tower is a feat of architectural mastery cleverly designed through the use of additional roofs to make its three tiers appear as six. It boasts a staggering 1,300 years of history, and is the oldest surviving building of Heijo-kyo (the former capital of Japan during much of the Nara Period (710-784)).

Visitors to Yakushiji Temple can also try their hand at tracing Buddhist sutras in an art known as “o-shakyo.” These scrolls hold wishes of recovery from illness, natural disaster, and more, and are stored at the temple for future generations to treasure.

4. Konjikido (Iwate Prefecture)

Konjikido, meaning the “Golden Hall,” is the highlight of the Chusonji Temple complex, one of the most famous sites of Hiraizumi , the former capital of the Tohoku region. It was built in 1124 by Fujiwara no Kiyohira, a devoted Buddhist and founder of the Oshu-Fujiwara Clan, and the hall’s altars contain his remains and those of his descendants, who were also clan rulers.

Konjikido is covered in dazzling gold leaf both inside and out, and is an exceptional example of lavish Heian Period (794-1185) architecture and artistry. Complementing flourishes include mother of pearl inlays, decorative ivory and gemstones, intricate carvings, and impressive Buddhist statues, showcasing the opulence and wealth of the Fujiwara family, as well as their devotion to Buddhism.

While Konjikido originally sat outside, a protective building was erected around it in 1288, and these days it is shielded by concrete and glass. A feat of craftsmanship that can likely never be replicated, Konjikido will leave you awestruck.

Accommodation Near Konjikido: Iris Yu

5. Shiramizu Amidado Temple (Fukushima Prefecture)

Built in 1160 by the Fujiwara Clan, Shiramizu Amidado Temple is Fukushima’s sole National Treasure, and is a sight to behold. Its main attraction is its ancient Pure Land gardens, part of which remain intact from their original construction. The garden was designed to recreate the “Jodo” Buddhist version of paradise through ponds, waterfalls, islands, bridges, and more.

Owing to its well-preserved state, excavations in the 1950s were able to accurately reveal its layout, and reconstruction work commenced to recreate its original look. In addition to the blissful gardens, the Amidado Hall houses an impressive collection of Buddhist statues, and its design is said to have been inspired by Konjikido.

While all four seasons promise a stunning view of the gardens , summer is most famous for the full bloom of its lotus flowers, some of which grow to over a meter! The gardens are also known for their dazzling autumn foliage , which is illuminated at night around early/mid November.

6. Shingu Kumano Shrine Nagatoko (Fukushima Prefecture)

Nagatoko is Shingu Kumano Shrine’s Hall of Worship, and its name means “long floor” in Japanese. It consists of 44 wooden pillars that have been holding up a massive thatched roof since the late Heian Period (794-1185), and is completely open with no walls.

Nagatoko is believed to have served as a venue for ascetic training and kagura performances, and legend states that the copper bowl housed inside was originally used to rinse rice to offer to the Japanese gods.

The shrine grounds also host another natural monumentーa towering 800-year-old ginkgo tree . Its brilliant golden colors peak in mid-November, adding a dazzling splash to the scene. Also, don’t leave without taking a look at the huge shrine bell, and feel free to give it a ring!

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7. Ujigami Jinja Shrine (Kyoto Prefecture)

Kyoto's Ujigami Jinja holds the distinction of being one of the oldest existing Shinto shrines in Japan. It is a designated UNESCO World Heritage Site, and is estimated to have been first built in 1060. Ujigami Jinja is dedicated to Emperor Ojin, together with his two sons, one of which became Emperor Nintoku, and is the guardian shrine of the nearby Byodoin Temple. However, many of the exact details of its history remain shrouded in mystery.

Ujigami Jinja was designed in the “nagare-zukuri” architectural style and its grounds are enclosed by lush greenery. While often overshadowed by the neighboring Byodoin Temple, it provides a valuable illustration of Japan’s ancient past, and serves as a reminder of the country's deep-rooted Shinto traditions and reverence for nature.

With rabbits being the symbol of the surrounding city of Uji, Ujigami Jinja also has numerous adorable rabbit-shaped charms available for purchase. There are plenty of other fascinating tidbits to keep an eye out for too, like piles of purification sand and a hut containing natural spring water to purify the hands of visitors.

Accommodation Near Ujigami Jinja Shrine: Travellersdou Kirinya

8. Katsuren Castle (Okinawa Prefecture)

Katsuren Castle is said to have been first established around the 13th century, before Okinawa was unified as the Ryukyu Kingdom, and long before its incorporation into Japan. Built on high ground overlooking the sea, its charismatic curved stone walls feel reminiscent of a European-style castle, standing in stark contrast to the castles of mainland Japan.

Katsuren Castle is best known for its connection with Amawari, a famously ambitious Ryukyuan lord. While said to have been a weak child abandoned in the mountains, Amawari gained his strength and fought to become one of the most admired leaders in Okinawan history. Setting his sights on taking over the entirety of Okinawa, he was eventually defeated trying to attack the kingdom’s capital of Shuri Castle.

While the buildings inside Katsuren Castle are long gone, its stone foundations remain in fantastic condition, and the top level offers breathtaking views of the surrounding paradise of Okinawa. Explore the grounds in silence, and you’ll surely feel the proud legacy of Ryukyu echoing through its walls.

Accommodation Near Katsuren Castle: Katsuren Seatopia

Discover the Enthralling Histories of Japan’s Oldest Buildings!

Japan’s old buildings are a link to the past and message to the future. They have been treasured for a millennium, and it is now our turn to ensure their preservation. While the reconstructed historical sites of Japan are deeply impressive, a truely ancient building possesses an ethereal power that can never be replicated. So, between visits to Japan’s modern pop culture hubs, make sure to save time to explore one or more of these old Japanese buildings and discover where it all came from!

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The information in this article is accurate at the time of publication.

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The 10 best places to experience Japan's Edo period

Walk ancient samurai roads and travel back in time

TOKYO -- Many visitors to Japan hunger for a glimpse of the country as it was before modernity washed over it in the mid-19th century.

Amid the neon and concrete of Tokyo or Osaka, it can be hard to imagine that there is anything left of old Japan, outside of Kyoto. But traces can be found in well-preserved post towns -- places whose rows of wooden houses and whitewashed sake storehouses evoke a bygone age.

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15 Preserved Historic Towns In Japan You Must See To Believe

When visiting japan you may find yourself immediately attracted to the futuristic and electronic megacity attractions that japan has developed and produced. 

There are so many beautiful and storybook-like historical towns in appearance. It is the history and meaning behind these that the following exploration covers well preserved and incredible areas across Japan that give us a window into a time that existed long ago.

Kurashiki Okayama

Kurashiki was a financially well functioning and prosperous town as a result of its position in terms of export and importation.

Their land is in the perfect position to benefit from the river of which directly streams towards the Seto Inland Sea. 

To this day we still see the structures, shops, and buildings from the old Edo period, where it is evident that these buildings were formed around the river for practicality and purpose.

Kurashiki Location Via Google Maps

A beautiful town for tourists and incoming travelers to walk through, with a sense of entering an enriched and peaceful environment. 

The river still allows for boats and canoes to navigate, posing as ferries for tourists upon the ancient waters. Beauty through and through, from the outside-in. Many of these establishments are now museums , art galleries, and exhibits. 

The archaeological museum of the Kurashiki Town is established within what used to be a rice granary. It now holds ancient artifacts, excavated and discovered which belonged to/originated during the times of the ancient Kibi Region. 

The Ohara Museum of Art displays many European and Japanese art pieces. Notably, works from European artists that are rightfully renowned, like Monet and El Greco.

Just a little bit away from that Ohara Museum is where you will find the Japan Rural Toy Museum of which exhibits toys (from the 1600s to the 1800s) within the country of Japan.

This area is most beautiful when seen as sunset, with the way the river reflects that light and the shadowy, mystical ambiance the town creates one the sun is setting behind it.

Truly a town you must see for yourself in person to truly appreciate. 

Asuke Aichi

Prepare to be immersed in the fallen maple leaf trees from which have grown for centuries in Asuke, Aichi.

The people who have resided in and lived generationally within Aichi have worked hard to keep the area beautiful and environmentally conscious. 

The best time to visit this area is during the fall , October through to November where the leaves are vibrant and stunningly beautiful.

Asuke Town Info Via Wikipedia

The Korenkei Maple Festival is held annually in the Korankei Gorge , where these mystical trees dazzle people of all backgrounds; collectively appreciating what nature has to offer even centuries forward. 

There are many shopping areas and storefronts to visit, as well as roads to wander down. You’ll never be bored of what this place feeds your eyes in terms of both fascination and aesthetic pleasure. 

Kakunodate Akita

This city has stood proudly since 1620, as a city where samurais, merchants, and other residents would reside. historically speaking, this was a city where people would live in and participate from merchant districts. 

And so, you can now walk down the same paths , alleyways, streets, and land overall that real-life samurais walked down centuries before you. 

Kakunodate Location Via Google Maps

Approximately 80 samurai families lived in this district and so, a majority of the establishments have been well maintained for tourists and incoming persons alike. 

The most beautiful time of the year to visit this city is during the springtime! In fact, there are annual Sakura Festivals that surround the immaculate and whimsical cherry blossom tres and their annual blooming.

You’ll pass under branches of these trees as they hang over and upon the smoked wooden roofs of the old samurai homes and establishments. 

Higashichaya, Ishikawa

The land was previously used to house and allow for vibrant events for geisha and their clients of the geisha to reside. the Higashichaya area is notably one of the largest of the four main geisha towns throughout Japan. 

Higashi Chaya Location Via Google Maps

On Saturday’s they host events based around the history of the town for tourists to indulge in. so give the gift of adventure and imagination to yourself and visit as many storefronts, side streets, and nooks as you can on your visit.

You’re bound to learn new things and witness the sort of environment we once thought was only possible through television and storytelling. Immerse yourself. 

Mino, Gifu 

The city of Mino, Gifu has prospered and evolved throughout nearly 1300 years. This is as a result of the influence, pieces, and practices that the Washi (paper) Artists and Artistans so skillfully and masterfully have produced. 

Mino Gifu Location Via Google Maps

From agriculture to manufacturing this city has never missed the mark. Their architectural designs are beautiful as well as logical and efficient.

Merchant Districts

Throughout the Edo period, the merchant districts were considered to be a lower state in consideration of the four main social castes. Despite this statement, the merchants themselves would become prosperous and wealthy exponentially. 

Merchants would live in specific districts in order to benefit appropriately, constructing shops in rows and organized factories and warehouses.

Kawagoe Warehouse District 

Over twelve large buildings and are still in existence within the style of the Edo Period. They’ve been maintained with a certain level of respect and upkeep as it is considered to be Kawagoe’s Main Street within the city itself.

Kawagoe Warehouse District Location Via Google Maps

These buildings are now stores, shop fronts, and restaurants. 

Takayama Old Town

The winding and wonderful streets of Takayama’s Old Town feature traditional structures and stores, with organic food and products on display.

There are also some homes that were previously designed for merchants that you can enter as they are now modern public establishments. 

Takayama Old Town Location Via Google Maps

Samurai Districts

Many cities throughout Japan had established a number of monuments and structures to develop what we refer to as Castle Towns . 

The samurai districts would surround the castles as a means of protection for the royals and be thus considered to be of the highest social caste at the time of the Edo Period.

They were best known for their aesthetically pleasing and tasteful homes. 

Kunisaki Peninsula Kitsuki

A very individualistic and infatuating place of which holds two previous samurai districts. They can be seen resting marvelously upon hills that feature a merchant district in the middle of the two lands.

This district is by far one of the most well-regarded and intriguing samurai districts within all of Japan.

The old home looks like what would have been created from an ancient painting, with detailed and finely structured homes accompanied by lush greens and town lights. 

Kunisaki Peninsula Kitsuki Location Via Google Maps

Usuki Samurai District

This district is a quaint and cozy little town, from which samurai families lived for centuries.

Usuki Location Via Google Maps

Don’t let its small size fool you, however, as it is an amazing area perfect for photos and videos, or simply exploring what the area has come to be over time.

Geisha Districts 

The traditional geisha districts feature wooden tea houses which the geisha would perform in.

Kyoto Gion District

The Gion Hanami-Koji Street of Kyoto is where some of the most beautiful buildings from tea houses to restaurants remain today. It is not uncommon to see modern-day geisha in this area. 

The town overall is beautiful and gives off an artistic and spiritual vibe; welcoming of tourists and visitors. It is advisable to visit at night for the lights and the way in which the colors and life of the city come into fruition in the evening.

Kyoto Gion District Location Via Google Maps

Post Towns were constructed throughout a majority of the country’s important roads and primary highways, which were built to serve and aid travelers at that time. 

Kiso Valley Tsumago

The Kiso Valley; where some of the most beautiful and well-designed posts and establishments stand to this day.

A vast majority of these buildings originated in the Edo Period, originally for the purpose of holding ryokan to stay , restaurants, and shop fronts. 

Kiso Valley Tsumago Location Via Google Maps

Aizu Ouchijuku

The way the town flows continually in a unified and traditional manner is enough for a person to fall in love with the Ouchijuku post town. This town was built throughout a path to Aizu and Nikko during the Edo Period. 

Aizu Ouchijuku Location Via Google Maps

Farming Towns

Most of the people who lived in Japan throughout the Edo Period were farmers, who lived in the homes and farmhouses we see in villages that stand today.

Here are some of the most beautiful villages that remain populated and maintained.  

Shirakawa-go Ogimachi Village

The Ogimachi Village is the largest village within all of the Shirakawa-go area. There are many old farmhouses that you can explore and just within the area there is the Open-Air Museum.

Walk through the valleys and stay the night at a rustic Japanese farmhouse. 

Shirakawa-go Ogimachi Village Location Via Google Maps

Gokayama Ainokura Village

This village is considerably smaller than the aforementioned, but don’t let its size stop you from visiting. The Ainokura Village looks like something out of an old impressionist painting.

Gokayama Ainokura Village Location Via Google Maps

There are a number of old farmhouses that are now establishments for tourists; Minshuku, being places to stay for a period of time. 

Kukuyama Tomonoura

Last but not least, the port town of Tomonoura had to be added to this list.

Kukuyama Tomonoura Port Town Location Via Google Maps

The structures that reside there are strategically placed to oppose the Seto Inland Sea; thus making the port a beautiful and prosperous location to participate in importing and exporting resources throughout many time periods.

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Best places to visit in japan.

Known as the Land of the Rising Sun, Japan's civilization dates as far back as 30,000 years. Today, the archipelago seamlessly blends its rich history with its ultra-modern present. And while its capital, Tokyo, is a must-visit for first timers, Japan has so much more to offer travelers of all types, from cherry blossoms to white sand beaches to soothing onsen (hot spring spas). U.S. News took into account cultural attractions, culinary options and accessibility (among other factors) to bring you the best places to visit in Japan. Have a favorite? Vote below to help decide next year's ranking.

Izu Peninsula

This metropolis is a feast for the senses. Neighborhoods like Ginza and Akihabara buzz with flashing lights and larger-than-life shopping, while Meiji Shrine and the Tokyo Imperial Palace give you a look into Japan's storied past. There are also a number of green spaces like Shinjuku Gyoen National Garden, which acts as a place to escape from the chaotic, concrete jungle. What's more, Tokyo is regularly regarded as a top foodie city thanks in part to its abundant Michelin-starred restaurants (the most you'll find in any city in the world), so come hungry.

Travelers most interested in Japan's history and traditions should head to Kyoto. Centrally located on the archipelago, Kyoto has long been considered the cultural capital of Japan. Here, you'll find more than 1,000 Buddhist temples and 400-plus Shinto shrines (you can't miss the Kiyomizu-dera Temple and Fushimi Inari Taisha), including a whopping 17 UNESCO World Heritage sites. You can also stroll through geisha districts like Gion and Miyagawacho, admire classic wooden architecture and visit traditional teahouses before checking out more modern attractions, such as the Kyoto Aquarium.

Nikko is the place to go to see lavish architecture surrounded by nature. Head to Nikko National Park, one of Japan's oldest national parks, to enjoy an up-close look at traditional structures situated alongside mountains, lakes, waterfalls and hot springs. The park is especially beautiful in fall when its trees display vivid shades of yellow, red and orange. The 103 Edo-era (1603–1868) temples and shrines in Nikko include world-renowned sites like Toshogu Shrine and Rinnoji Temple.

Situated about 35 miles southwest of Kyoto, this port city is worth a visit for its food alone. One of the city's most famous dishes, the tasty pancake-like okonomiyaki (which means "grilled as you like it" in Japanese), is made with batter, cabbage and your choice of meat and other toppings. After you've gotten your fill of the delectable local cuisine, explore the flashy Dotonbori neighborhood, check out the reconstructed 16th-century Osaka Castle or head to contemporary sights like Universal Studios Japan and the Osaka Aquarium Kaiyukan.

As Japan's second most populous city, Yokohama is often touted as a more approachable and more affordable alternative to Tokyo (located 22 miles northeast). As one of the country's first ports to open to international trade, Yokohama features unique culture fusions, including a sizable expat population, Western-style buildings in the Yamate area and the largest Chinatown in Japan (it has more businesses than residents). While here, visitors can explore Minato Mirai 21, the city's modern central district teeming with skyscrapers and shopping malls, and visit museums ranging from the Cup Noodles Museum to the Mitsubishi Minatomirai Industrial Museum.

More than 160 islands comprise Okinawa, a top destination for snorkeling and diving. The Japanese prefecture boasts proximity to multiple coral reefs teeming with fish, manta rays and hammerhead sharks that you can access from beautiful beaches like those found on Okinawa's Kerama Islands. These 20-plus islands are also ideal places to see migrating whales between January and March. Back on the main island, visitors will find one of the world's largest aquariums, several castle ruins and a museum that focuses on Okinawa's unique history and culture. And on the less developed Iriomote Island, adventurous travelers can hike to awe-inspiring waterfalls.

Spared from World War II air raids and the major natural disasters that have affected other Japanese cities, Kanazawa on the western coast is home to some of the country's best-preserved architecture from the Edo period. Sites like Kanazawa Castle, Seisonkaku Villa and Myoryuji temple are popular among visitors, as are the Higashi Chaya geisha district and Nagamachi Samurai District. Plus, no trip to Kanazawa would be complete without a visit to the resplendent Kenrokuen Garden. With its water features, bridges and a variety of flowering trees that add beauty to any season, Kenrokuen is often described as the perfect garden.

Nestled in the mountains of the Gifu prefecture, Takayama is ideal for visitors looking for a rural retreat with a dose of history. Start your visit with a rickshaw ride through the well-preserved old town, which features sake breweries, traditional residences and shops that date back to the feudal ages. Then, head to the Hida Folk Village, a former farming village with 30 gassho-style houses. When you've worked up an appetite, indulge in must-try local specialties including Hida beef and Takayama ramen. To further immerse yourself in Takayama culture, visit during the Takayama Festival, held for two days every spring and fall.

The country's tallest mountain and one of its most iconic landmarks is a popular destination for outdoor recreation. For centuries, Japanese artists and poets have been inspired by Mount Fuji's almost perfectly round form. The Fuji Five Lakes region at the foot of this UNESCO World Heritage Site makes a great base for the thousands of climbers who visit each year. Enjoy the area's museums and amusement park during the warmer months. Or, arrive in winter to soak in the onsen and ski Mount Fuji's slopes.

Located on Kyushu (Japan's third-largest island), Fukuoka offers travelers a mix of urban sprawl, sandy coastlines and ancient temples and shrines. Can't-miss sights include Tochoji Temple – home of the largest sitting wooden Buddha in Japan – and Nokonoshima Island, which features colorful flower fields and beautiful views of the surrounding bay. Fukuoka is also known for its incredible Hakata ramen, so be sure to try this tasty dish at one of the city's many food stalls. Plan your visit around one of Fukuoka's lively festivals, such as the Hakata Gion Yamakasa, which takes place throughout the first half of July.

Head to the smallest of Japan's four main islands if you're looking to get off the beaten path. Shikoku is best known for its 88 Temple Pilgrimage – a nearly 750-mile loop that covers sacred sites around the island. Whether you're trekking this path or creating your own, you'll encounter Shikoku's natural beauty (think: forest-covered mountains and an unspoiled coastline). Meanwhile, the city of Kochi features cheap eats and a well-preserved castle. If you're visiting in mid-August, add Shikoku's cultural pinnacle, Awa Odori, to your itinerary. One of the most famous festivals in Japan, this dance celebration in the city of Takushima is a must-do.

Mountainous Hakone is one of Japan's most popular hot spring destinations. Nestled within the Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park, the town features 17 different hot springs, plus a hot spring theme park with unique baths like one with coffee and another with mulled wine. After you've dried off, visit one of Hakone's art museums, such as the Hakone Open-Air Museum, the Okada Museum of Art or the Hakone Museum of Art. No Hakone vacation would be complete without enjoying spectacular views of Mount Fuji from Lake Ashinoko and the Komagatake Ropeway.

After an earthquake caused significant damage to the city in 1995, Kobe rebuilt itself into a thriving cosmopolitan city. You'll want to remember to bring your appetite when you visit. Kobe is famous for its namesake beef, as well as its sake. It's also considered one of Japan's most attractive cities, with sleek architecture and beautiful green spaces like Sorakuen Garden. For some of the city's best views – especially at sunset – go to the top of Mount Rokko or ride the Kobe Nunobiki Ropeway. End your evening exploring Nankinmachi (Kobe's compact Chinatown) or dining at one of Kobe Harborland's waterfront restaurants.

For many, Hiroshima brings up memories of war, as the city is where the world's first atomic bomb attack occurred in 1945. But today, Hiroshima is a city of peace, with the vast Peace Memorial Park as the center for monuments and memorials like the  the Children's Peace Monument and the UNESCO-certified Hiroshima Peace Memorial (Atomic Bomb Dome). It is also a city of great beauty. Travelers can take a scenic stroll through Shukkeien Garden, peruse the exhibits at the Hiroshima City Museum of Contemporary Art or visit Sandankyo Gorge to hike or boat past its beautiful waterfalls, caves and coves.

Tourists flock to the island of Miyajima (formally named Itsukushima) for its prime attraction: Itsukushima Shrine and its postcard-worthy torii gate. To see the shrine at its most picturesque, try to visit during high tide, when the gate appears to float on the water. Since the island is just a 30-minute ferry ride from Hiroshima, it makes for a great day trip. However, visitors may want to stay the night at a charming ryokan (Japanese-style inn) to experience Miyajima at its most serene and walk by the illuminated shrine at night.

An outdoor-lover's delight, Matsumoto is just 22 miles east of Kamikochi, an awe-inspiring valley in the Hotaka mountain range. But though it serves as a gateway to the Japanese Alps, this city in central Japan should not be skipped over. As the birthplace of contemporary artist Yayoi Kusama, known for polka dots and pumpkins, Matsumoto pays her tribute at the Matsumoto City Museum of Art. Meanwhile, those who prefer more ancient masterpieces can visit Matsumoto Castle, one of the oldest and grandest castles in the country.  

Japan's first permanent capital is famous for housing the Great Buddha, a nearly 50-foot-tall bronze statue of Buddha. You'll find this jaw-dropping national treasure in Nara's Todaiji temple, which is the one of the largest wooden buildings in the world. While on the temple grounds, explore the deer-filled Nara Park and the ornate Kasuga Taisha shrine. Also save time for visiting Yakushiji Temple, one of Japan's oldest temples that dates back to A.D. 730.

This peninsula situated 62 miles southwest of Tokyo makes a great getaway from the busy city. It is popular among locals and tourists alike thanks to its relaxing hot springs and stunning beaches. These, along with various museums and ryokans, can be found in cities like Atami and Shimoda on the Izu Peninsula's eastern coast. During spring visits, travelers will also want to check out Kawazu's vibrant pink blooms at the Kawazu Cherry Blossom Festival. Meanwhile, on the southern and western coasts, vacationers will find more rugged yet equally scenic coastlines, such as Cape Irozaki and Dogashima.

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Temples & Shrines

J apan temples and shrines are historical and cultural places of worship with beautiful architecture and vast gardens. Many are UNESCO World Heritage Sites and are visited by tourists year-round.

Temples are Buddhist places of worship and often function as monasteries. Shrines house gods of the Shinto religion.

When visiting temples and shrines, remember to act respectfully, the same as you would if you were visiting famous churches in Europe.

15 Most Notable Japan Temples and Shrines

Izumo Taisha Shrine

Photo by Shrk / CC BY

1. Izumo Taisha Shrine

Izumo Taisha in Shimane Prefecture is possibly the oldest and tallest shrine in Japan. Visitors go to the shrine to pray for good relationships and marriage.

Byodoin Temple

2. Byodo-in Temple

Byodo-in in Uji, Kyoto Prefecture was built in 998. The Phoenix Hall features 1,000 year-old Buddhist statues and other national treasures. The image of the Phoenix Hall can be seen on the Japanese 10 yen coin.

Yamadera Temple

3. Yama-dera Temple

Yama-dera is a mountain temple in Yamagata Prefecture built in 860. Visitors must hike up nearly 1,000 stone steps in order to reach the temple grounds. The trek takes approximately 30 minutes and can be quite strenuous. Once at the top, the temple offers fantastic views of the valley.

Todaiji Temple

4. Todai-ji Temple

Todai-ji in Nara was built in 752 and is the largest wooden structure in the world. Inside is the largest Buddha statue in Japan, measuring 15 meters tall and consisting of 437 tons of bronze and 130 kg of gold.

Kinkakuji Temple

5. Kinkaku-ji Temple

Kinkaku-ji in Kyoto Prefecture was built in 1397 and is covered in gold foil. The golden pavilion shines brilliantly in the sun and casts a beautiful reflection on the pond.

Kiyomizu Temple

6. Kiyomizu-dera Temple

Kiyomizu-dera in Kyoto Prefecture was built in 780 and sits at the top of a steep hill. The walk up to the temple takes around 10-15 minutes, but you can stop along the way at the many souvenir shops on both sides of the street. At the top, the temple offers stunning views of the city.

Fushimi Inari Shrine

7. Fushimi Inari Shrine

Fushimi Inari Taisha  in Kyoto Prefecture was built in 711 and is one of the oldest and most popular shrines in Kyoto . It is the main Inari Shrine in Japan and famous for its thousands of torii gates.

Itsukushima Shrine

8. Itsukushima Shrine

Itsukushima Shrine on Miyajima Island in Hiroshima Prefecture dates back to the 6th century and is famous for its large torii gate standing in the water. During high tide, the shrine and the gate look as if they are floating on the water.

Sensoji Temple

9. Senso-ji Temple

Senso-ji, or Asakusa Kannon Temple, is the oldest and most famous temple in Tokyo . It was built in 645. The long street leading from Kaminarimon Gate to the temple offers a wide variety of souvenir shopping and Japanese sweets.

Ise Jingu Shrine

10. Ise Jingu Shrine

The two Ise Shrines in Mie Prefecture are some of the oldest and most respected Shinto shrines in Japan.

The Inner Shrine, or Naiku , was founded over 2,000 years ago and features the Sun Goddess. The entrance to the shrine has a beautiful wooden bridge with large torii gates on both sides.

The Outer Shrine, or Geku , was founded over 1,500 years ago and features the guardian of food, housing, and clothing.

Ninnaji Temple

11. Ninna-ji Temple

Ninna-ji in Kyoto Prefecture was built in 888. The main feature is the Goten where there is a beautiful pond, rock garden, and buildings connected by covered corridors.

Okunoin Temple

12. Okuno-in Temple

Okuno-in at Koyasan in Wakayama Prefecture is a popular pilgrimage area. The temple features the largest cemetery in Japan with over 200,000 tombstones. Inside the main hall are 10,000 lanterns.

Kumano Nachi Taisha Shrine

13. Kumano Nachi Taisha

Kumano Nachi Taisha in Wakayama Prefecture is said to be 1,700 years old and is a main destination on the Kumano Kodo pilgrimage trail. The area features Japan’s tallest waterfall, Nachi no Taki, at 133 meters.

Nikko Toshogu Shrine

14. Nikko Toshogu Shrine

Nikko Toshogu Shrine in Tochigi Prefecture was built in 1617. It features 55 buildings, including a beautiful five-story pagoda, in vibrant colors and gold leaf.

Horyuji Temple

15. Horyu-ji Temple

Horyu-ji in Nara Prefecture was founded in 607 and includes the oldest wooden structures in the world, including a five-story pagoda.

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Hi, we’re Becki and Shawn! We love Japan and are truly passionate about Japan and Japan travel.

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The 10 most wonderful places to visit in Japan

Mar 28, 2024 • 6 min read

From buzzing cities to serene forest walks, these are our favorite places to visit in Japan © Taiyou Nomachi / Getty Images

Japan offers up a real feast for travelers, with mountainside onsen (hot spring) villages, beach-lined islands and buzzing megacities all on the menu.

You could arguably spend a lifetime sampling the country’s delights, but some towns and sights are staples – core ingredients to any great Japan trip. Here’s our pick of the 10 best places to visit in Japan .

Best for contemporary culture

Tokyo is a city forever reaching into the future, pushing the boundaries of what's possible on densely populated, earthquake-prone land, and building ever taller, sleeker structures.

It's Japan's top spot for contemporary art and architecture, pop culture, shopping, drinking and entertainment (and a tie with Kyoto for dining). But more than any other sight, it's the city itself that enchants visitors.

It's a sprawling, organic thing, stretching as far as the eye can see. Constantly changing with a diverse collection of neighborhoods , no two experiences of Tokyo are ever the same.

Planning tip: Tickets for sumo, kabuki and Giants baseball games usually go on sale one to two months in advance. The Imperial Palace and Ghibli Museum are other popular attractions that require prior planning.

Best for traditional experiences

Kyoto , Japan's imperial capital for a thousand years, is home to more than a thousand temples. Among them are the monumental, like Kinkaku-ji (an exquisite pavilion sheathed entirely in gold leaf), and the meditative, like Ryōan-ji , with its stark Zen rock garden.

And temples are only the beginning. There's the culture of tea, which you can appreciate at one of the city's many elegant teahouses; the art of the geisha, those iconic performers of traditional music and dance; and also a rich food culture, including kaiseki (Japanese haute cuisine).

3. Naoshima

Best for architecture

Naoshima is one of Japan's great success stories: once a rural island on the verge of becoming a ghost town, it's now a world-class center for contemporary art.

Many of Japan's most lauded architects have contributed structures, including museums, a boutique hotel and even a bathhouse – all designed to enhance the island's natural beauty and complement its existing settlements.

The resulting blend of avant-garde and rural Japan is captivating. It has also inspired some Japanese to pursue a slower life outside the big cities, relocating to Naoshima to open cafes and inns.

Planning tip: Try to plan your visit during one of the three exhibitions of the  Setouchi Triennale festival, which happens during the spring, summer and fall every three years – the most recent was in 2022. Naoshima hosts various art, drama, music and dance events that make this festival really special.

Best for views and pilgrimages

Even from a distance,  Mt Fuji will take your breath away. Close up, the perfectly symmetrical cone of Japan's highest peak is nothing short of incredible. Dawn from the summit? Pure magic.

Fuji-san is among Japan's most revered and timeless attractions. Hundreds of thousands of people climb it every year, continuing a centuries-old tradition of pilgrimages up the sacred volcano.

Those who'd rather search for picture-perfect views from the less-daunting peaks nearby will be following in the steps of Japan's most famous painters and poets.

Planning tip: The best time to climb Mt Fuji is during its official season, from July 1 through mid-September, which avoids the rainy season and snowfall. Always check for typhoon warnings before hiking in Japan.

5. Hiroshima

Best for introspection

Hiroshima today is a forward-thinking city with attractive, leafy boulevards. It's not until you visit the Peace Memorial Museum that the true extent of human tragedy wreaked by the atomic bomb becomes vividly clear.

A visit here is a heartbreaking, important history lesson. The  park around the museum , much of which was designed by Japan's great modernist architect Tange Kenzō, offers many opportunities for reflection.

But the city's spirit of determination – as well as its food – will ensure that you'll have good memories to take with you when you leave.

6. Yakushima

Best for forest bathing

Yakushima, a small island off the coast of southern Kyūshū , is often described as magical and enchanting – otherworldly even. It's a place where words fail and clichés step in.

Home to some of Japan's last primeval forests, you'll find the yakusugi , an ancient cedar native to the island whose giant roots seem to form alien tentacles.

Hiking trails underneath them cover craggy terrain, often fuzzy with moss. The landscape here is believed to have inspired the iconic Studio Ghibli animated film,  Princess Mononoke .

Detour: When you're not hiking, stop by the  Yakusugi Museum to learn more about the importance of yakusugi  to the islanders of Yakushima. An English audio guide is available.

7. Koya-san

Best for exploring temples

Riding the funicular up to the sacred Buddhist monastic complex of Kōya-san feels, appropriately, like ascending to another world.

There are over a hundred temples here, the highlight of which is Oku-no-in , where paths weave their way among towering cryptomeria trees and time-worn stone stupas covered in moss and lichen.

Other temples offer a different experience: the chance to spend the night, dine on traditional vegetarian Buddhist cuisine and wake up early for morning meditation with the resident monks.

Planning tip: Though Japanese temples and shrines do not have established dress codes, visitors are expected to stay relatively quiet in these sacred spaces.

8. Okinawa and the Southwest Islands

Best for beaches

Okinawa and the Southwest Islands offer a totally different experience from the rest of Japan. This semi-tropical archipelago forms an arch between Kyūshū and Taiwan .

Until the islands were annexed by Japan in the 19th century, they formed their own kingdom – the Ryūkyū Empire – and the cultural differences are apparent in everything from the architecture to the food.

This is where you'll find Japan's best beaches, like those on the Yaeyama Islands  and the Kerama Islands, with sugar-white sand fringed with palms and turquoise waters. Bask in the sun, or snorkel and scuba dive.

Best for street food and nightlife

Tokyo doesn't nab all the superlatives when it comes to urban experiences. Osaka , Japan's third-largest city, is tops for street food: don't miss its signature dish, takoyaki (grilled octopus dumplings).

It also has the most dramatic of nightscapes: a dazzling display of LED lights, animated signage and flashing video screens along the canalside strip Dōtombori .

The city, Japan's oldest merchant center, has a pace, spirit and zest for life all of its own; its unofficial slogan is kuidaore (eat until you drop).

Planning tip: In addition to nightly accommodation fees, Osaka hotels will typically charge an accommodation tax that varies depending on the standard nightly rate.

10. Kamikōchi

Best for mountain hikes

One of Japan's most stunning natural vistas, Kamikōchi is a highland river valley enveloped by the soaring peaks of the Northern Japan Alps .

Easy day hikes are possible along the Azusa-gawa, following the pristine river through tranquil forests of willow, larch and elm.

The birthplace of Japanese alpinism, Kamikōchi is also the gateway for more challenging treks up some of the country's tallest mountains, such as Yari-ga-take (3180m/10,433ft). Private cars are banned from Kamikōchi, which lessens the impact of the crowds.

This article was first published April 2021 and updated March 2024

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14 Traditional Japanese Towns That Still Feel Like They’re in the Edo Period

Take trip back to the Edo Period at one of these historic towns around Japan, from Tohoku to Shikoku

February 26, 2021 Updated On March 26, 2024

With their charmingly retro architecture and atmosphere, these traditional towns around Japan offer a glimpse back in time to the Edo period — perfect for a strolling weekend getaway. As a handy guide for you, we’ve grouped them into regions, and offered a few suggestions on when to go, and things to do while there.

Tohoku Region

1. kakunodate, akita.

Kakunodate has retained the same city layout since 1620 , where samurai living quarters and merchant districts were separated into the northern and southern sides of the city. Here, you can stroll along the same streets as samurai — and even visit their homes! About 80 samurai families used to live in the district and many of the houses are well-preserved and open to visitors.

When to go: Late April to early May

What’s on: The Sakura Festival , where an extraordinary canopy of weeping cherry blossoms hangs over the jet-black walls of the samurai houses.

More things to do in Akita here .

2. Ouchi-juku, Fukushima

Ouchi-juku lies nestled among the mountains and was a flourishing post town along the Aizu Nishi Kaido back in the Edo period. It was an important thoroughfare for lords traveling to Edo and for the transportation of rice to the capital, as well as an important connector between castle town Aizu Wakamatsu and Imachi (Nikko). During the modernization of Japan during the Meiji Restoration, railways were built far from the area as a punishment for Aizu Wakamatsu’s samurai revolt against the new regime, allowing it to retain its traditional thatched-roof houses.

When to go: July 2

What’s on: The Hange Midsummer Festival at Takakura Shrine features a procession of white-clad men sporting black eboshi caps and tengu masks. It dates back over 800 years and remains a unique celebration in Japan.

Click here for more things to do in Tohoku

Kanto Region

3. sawara, chiba.

Skirting the border of Ibaraki Prefecture next door, Sawara is the name of a historical district in Katori City. Formerly an independent city, Sawara had a nickname similar to Kawagoe’s: Edo Masari, which means “superior to Edo” – they weren’t shy about their prosperity, and the city thrived in the past thanks to its many connective waterways. Now the rivers and canals are mostly trafficked by tourists on boat rides, which offer a lovely view of the traditional residences, stores, and warehouses on either side of the water.

When to go: May to June

What’s on: The Ayame Matsuri , a festival where 1.5 million irises of 400 varieties bloom in the Suigo Sawara Aquatic Botanical Garden.

More things to do in Chiba here .

4. Kawagoe, Saitama

Affectionately known as “Little Edo,” this bustling city is only a 30-minute train ride from Ikebukuro (45 minutes if you leave from Shinjuku). Once there, take the charmingly retro Co-Edo loop bus (¥500 for a day pass) to reach the main attractions in style and to get discounts at some of the shops. Highlights include the Kurazukuri (old storehouse) district, where you’ll find one of the area’s most famous landmarks, the Toki no Kane (Bell of Time) tower. Find Kashiya Yokocho (Penny Lane Alley) nearby, lined with quaint sweet shops and cafes. Head further out to avoid the crowds and to explore a slew of serene temples and shrines.

When to go:  End of July

What’s on:  The Kawagoe Million Lights Festival features lanterns hanging from rooftops, giving the traditional buildings a soft glow.

Check out  things to do in Ikebukuro , before or after your trip.

Chubu Region

5. asuke, aichi.

Asuke, a 30-minute drive from Arimatsu, lies on an old side road of the Nakasendo Trail, known as the Ina-kaido road. Because of this thoroughfare, the city flourished. This prosperous history is still visible in a two-kilometer stretch of old storehouses with white plaster walls and imposing houses with black wooden fences. The people of Asuke have worked hard to preserve this area, removing unsightly power lines from this stretch of road so that visitors can enjoy an unrestricted view of the area. Keep an eye out for tiny side streets with charming little shops hiding down them.

When to go:  November

What’s on:  The Korankei Maple Festival is held at Korankei Gorge, featuring about 4,000 fiery red maple trees

6. Arimatsu, Aichi

Arimatsu is a post town on the Tokaido Trail, which was one of the main thoroughfares along with the Nakasendo Trail. The area became famous due to its unique method of tie-dyeing. Arimatsu Narumi Shibori dates back to the earlier 17th century, and the complex patterns artisans produced became extremely popular with merchants and samurai passing through, who bought the dyed cloths as souvenirs. Not only that, but the post town’s success was further solidified when a local feudal lord banned any reproduction of the method elsewhere. Arimatsu, like Asuke (above), has removed power lines along the main historic area.

When to go:  Beginning of June

What’s on:  The Arimatsu Shibori Festival features shibori demonstrations by artisans, dyed cloths on sale, and the usual matsuri fare.

Get more info about the Nakasendo Trail  here .

7. Gujo Hachiman, Gifu

This old castle town has two exceptionally well-preserved areas in town, known as the Kajiya machi and Shokunin machi respectively. The houses here used to belong to craftsmen, blacksmiths, and carpenters, with their workshops on the ground floor and lodgings above. A few artisans can still be found plying their trade in the area. Keen observers will notice the narrow water channels along the streets – these are still used today, both for fire prevention and for daily household use, like rinsing vegetables. Be sure to stop by Sougian Matcha, a café inside a traditional old house that overlooks the river.

When to go:  Mid-July to early September

What’s on:  The annual Gujo Odori (bon odori) dance festival , which lasts a total of 31 days, mostly on weekends. There is an intense four-day period in the middle of August where the dancing goes on every day (and night)!

8. Magome-juku, Gifu

Magome-juku is one of many picturesque post towns along the Nakasendo Trail. This feudal highway was one of the main connections between Edo, the shogun’s home, and Kyoto, where the emperor resided. The steep slopes of this sleepy town have greeted weary travelers for centuries and though time has passed, the town has changed little. Lattice-windowed buildings still line the streets, though the businesses inside them may have changed. You’ll find old houses as well as souvenir shops, tea houses, and ryokan.

When to go: Spring or autumn

What’s on: The delicate cherry blossoms and bright red autumn foliage look stunning against this traditional backdrop in Magome-juku .

9. Mino, Gifu

Mino City has flourished for over 1,300 years thanks to the skill of its washi artisans. Famed across the nation for centuries, Mino has benefited from its trade, and it’s still visible in the architecture throughout the main street. The long rows of wooden houses — beautiful in themselves — display udatsu decorations on the rooftops between the buildings. The udatsu, essentially raised walls between houses to prevent the spread of fire, were often elaborately decorated as a way to show off the prosperity of the owner. The more intricate the design, the richer the merchant — and thanks to its historic washi trade, the whole town was extremely rich.

When to go:  Early October

What’s on:  The annual Mino Washi Akari Art Competition and Exhibition , featuring illuminated washi sculptures made by professionals and amateurs alike. If you can’t make it to the festival, there is a museum open year-round where you can view the winners from the previous year.

Find more things to do in Gifu  here .

10 & 11. Higashichaya and Nagamachi Buke Yashiki, Ishikawa

Located in Kanazawa, the former entertainment area of Higashichaya used to be a lively area with geisha and their clients. There used to be four such areas, with Higashichaya being the largest. Drop by on a Saturday for a throwback to these times when the local tourism association holds a geisha performance show. Make sure to check out the side streets, as although the main thoroughfare is impressive, it’s the back alleys that hold all the charm.

The nearby Nagamachi Buke Yashiki District is in stark contrast to the Chaya area, as the old samurai houses in the area are surrounded by mud walls, giving a more muted atmosphere to the town.

When to visit: The first Friday, Saturday and Sunday of June

What’s on:  Kanazawa Hyakumangoku Festival  re-enacts feudal lord Toshiie Maeda’s entrance into Kanazawa Castle.

Here are more things to do in Ishikawa Prefecture .

Kinki, Chugoku and Shikoku Regions

11. seki-juku, mie.

Out of the Tokaido Trail’s 53 stations, Seki-juku was the 47th on the way to Kyoto, from Edo. Serving as a junction between the Tokaido Trail and the Yamato-Kaido (which led to Nara), it was an important meeting point for many traders and travelers. It still boasts a two-kilometer area of 200 machiya (traditional wooden townhouses) is the largest of the remaining post towns on the Tokaido Trail. Despite its size, the tourists are still few, making it an ideal spot to soak up the atmosphere without having to battle the crowds.

When to go: Mid-July

What’s on: Seki-juku’s Gion Summer Matsuri , a festival featuring large floats pulled through narrow streets of this traditional town.

Go find m ore  things to do in Mie Prefecture  here .

13. Nagahama, Shiga

Nagahama is a port city nestled on the eastern coast of Japan’s largest lake, Lake Biwa. The old Hokkoku-kaido Trail cuts across the center of Nagaham’s old town, Kurokabe Square. Since 1989, locals have made efforts to preserve the town’s historic atmosphere by renovating and repurposing old structures and building new ones that match the atmosphere. Here you’ll find a mixture of rustic cafes, museums, glass workshops, and temples to delight and entertain the whole family.

When to go: April 13-16

What’s on: The Nagahama Hikiyama Festival , where boys aged five to 12 perform traditional Kabuki plays on festival floats.

Learn more about Lake Biwa  here .

14. Kurashiki, Okayama

Back in the old Edo days, Kurashiki was a prosperous town thanks to its strategic position on a river connected to the Seto Inland Sea. The Kurashiki Bikan Historical Quarter (“bikan” literally translates to beautiful views) still has centuries-old buildings and shops lined across the river. Boatsmen ferry tourists along the water in the preserved canal area. The area isn’t just beautiful though — it’s a cultural center with several art galleries and museums.

The Ohara Museum of Art exhibits works by European masters El Greco and Monet, while nearby Japan Rural toy Museum displays toys from the 1600s to the 1800s. The Archaeological Museum, located inside a restored rice granary building, has unique displays of excavated artifacts from the ancient Kibi region.

When to go: Any season at sunset and beyond

What’s on: The Kurashiki Canal and Ivy Square are lit up every evening at sunset. The illumination was designed by world-famous lighting designer Motoko Ishii and shows the Bikan Quarter in the best light.

Find more things to do in Okayama  here .

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The Most Beautiful Traditional Old Towns in Japan to Relive the Edo Period’s Samurai & Geisha Culture

October 9, 2023 by Bino Leave a Comment

For a country that is known for its urban jungles, modern high rises and technologically advanced gadgets; there are surprisingly plenty of corners in Japan where one can still experience the medieval atmosphere of centuries ago. While most go to Kyoto to have their fill of old-town Japan, there are plenty of other options throughout the country if you know where to look.

Without further ado, here are some traditional Japanese old towns that you can check out during your next visit.

Located in Saitama Prefecture , Kawagoe is a town that is known for its well-preserved Edo-era streetscape, which features traditional warehouses, merchant houses and a bell tower. Its relatively short distance from Tokyo makes it an easy day trip.

old streets of kawagoe

The streets are lined with old-fashioned shops and restaurants that sell local specialities, such as sweet potato snacks and traditional Japanese sweets.

toki no kane bell tower in kawagoe

One of the highlights of Kawagoe is the Toki no Kane bell tower, which was originally built in 1639 and has been rebuilt several times since then. The tower chimes four times a day and is one of the symbols of Kawagoe. A few doors down from the bell tower is a beautiful Starbucks outlet set in one of the old merchant houses and features a Japanese garden at the back.

hikawa shrine

The town is also home to plenty of temples and shrines such as the Kawagoe Hikawa Shrine and Kumano Shrine . The Hikawa Shrine is particularly popular among women across the country who visit to receive blessings for good fortune in love and marriage.

How to get there: There are a few ways to get to Kawagoe. A straightforward method is to take the Marunouchi Line on Tokyo’s metro to Ikebukuro Station and connect there via the Tobu Tojo Line to Kawagoe. From Kawagoe’s main station, you can take the #01 bus to the old town. Alternatively, you can also book this join-in 1-day tour of Kawagoe and Karuizawa from Tokyo.

Shirawaka-go

shirakawa-go

Surrounded by the mountains of Japan’s Chubu Region, the village of Shirakawa-go has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1995. However, its status as a travel destination for foreign tourists only came about fairly recently when photos of its distinctive thatched roof houses were featured fairly often on social media.

Save for the droves of day trippers, Shirakawa-go remains to be a quiet agricultural village. The Gassho-zukuri style architecture remains to be the top draw and a typical trip here usually revolves around a village walk, a climb up to the Ogimachi Joseki Observatory for the iconic view of the village as well as a meal at the local restaurant.

How to get there: Shirakawa-go is easily accessible by bus from either Takayama or Kanazawa, with a duration between 50 minutes to 1.5 hours. You can also participate in a join-in tour of Shirakawa-go from Nagoya that also covers Takayama. It is also commonly done as a combined tour that includes Shirakawa-go, Takayama and Kanazawa .

Tip: If you visit Japan multiple times in a year, you may consider getting an annual travel insurance plan. Chubb Travel Insurance’s annual plan includes many commonly visited Asia-Pacific countries such as Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Australia and Thailand. Find out more here

A personal favourite, Takayama is probably one of the most charming old towns in Japan. It is also said to be the largest after Kyoto , as it escaped bombing during World War 2 due to Takayama’s relative isolation. The 3-lane Sanmachi is jampacked with traditional old houses, art galleries, sake breweries and restaurants serving the well-known Hida beef.

hida beef sushi in takayama

While here, make sure to try the  Hida Beef Sush  from one of the stalls. It’s served on a thin rice cracker and makes for a good introduction to the speciality meat in the region.

If you have time to spare, go for the Higashiyama Walking Course , a 3.5km long walking trail covering ancient temples and shrines to the east of the old town.

How to get there: Takayama is accessible through Takayama’s own JR Station, with trains coming from Toyama and Nagoya.

Kanazawa is famous for having multiple pockets of old towns dotting the city. Unlike other places in Japan where the historic quarters comprise just one main stretch, in Kanazawa you will find more than one geisha districts and even a samurai quarter.

The main and largest one is Higashi-Chaya which houses a number of traditional teahouses. You can still catch a real geisha performance in some of them. At Kaikaro Teahouse , they have special geisha evenings at certain days of the year.

gold soft serve ice cream

When in Kanazawa, you must try the soft-serve ice cream from the famous gold leaf store. 

Hakuichi  (open daily from 9AM to 6PM) sells all sorts of gold leaf items including its star product, the gold leaf ice cream. It is literally soft serve vanilla ice cream wrapped in 24k gold foil.

If you have time to spare, you should also check out Kenrokuen . This is amongst Japan’s three most beautiful gardens. There is a different scene to be observed with each season, from the plum and cherry blossoms in spring, flowers in summer, autumn colours in fall and the snow-covered foliage in winter.

How to get there: Kanazawa is connected to Tokyo through the JR Hokuriku Shinkansen, where it is just under 3 hours away.

Kurashiki is a quaint old town located in Okayama Prefecture, in western Japan. The town is known for its picturesque canal district, which is lined with white-walled storehouses and willow trees. The district is called the Bikan Historical Quarter and is a well-preserved example of a traditional Japanese merchant town from the Edo period.

It is particularly picturesque due to the canal running in the middle of the historic quarter. In the day, you will find men offering rides on wooden, slow-moving boats.

momotaro museum in kurashiki

The canal district is home to many small shops, cafes and museums which showcase the town’s history and culture. The Ohara Museum of Art is one of the most famous museums in the district, displaying a collection of Western and Japanese art, including works by Monet, Picasso, and Matisse. Momotaro Museum  and Ohashi House (an old merchant house) round up the other notable attractions in the old quarter.

rickshaws in kurashiki

The best way to enjoy, like most old towns, is to walk around and discover the surprises that await. Alternatively, you can also go for a  rickshaw ride  with a “driver” showing you the ins and outs of the old quarter.  

Another popular attraction in Kurashiki is the Kurashiki Ivy Square, a former spinning mill that has been converted into a shopping and dining complex. The complex is surrounded by ivy-covered walls and features a variety of shops and restaurants, as well as a small museum that showcases the history of the spinning mill.

How to get there: The nearby city of Okayama has a shinkansen station and is accessible with most JR passes . From Okayama, you can take a local JR train to Kurashiki. From the station, it’s either an 18-minute walk or a short bus ride away to the historic quarter through buses #51 or #62.

Ouchijuku is one of the most unique looking old towns in Japan. Located in an isolated area in between Aizu-Wakamatsu and Nikko, the town of Ouchijuku developed during medieval times as a postal town. Couriers delivering mail on foot needed a place to stay in between larger and more established cities and as such, Ouchijuku provided a place to eat and sleep along the way.

ouichijuku by sayo_ts

Today, Ouchijuku’s straw roofs set in a row and low-rise townscape make for a quaint and sublime view, especially from the viewing deck. The town is highly compact and consists of just one main street filled with souvenir shops and restaurants. At the end of the street are a few small temples and shrines that are deserving of a look while there.

ouchijuku by prelude2000

How to get there: Due to its relative isolation, public transport services to Ouchijuku are infrequent. Your best bet is to take the train to Yunokami Onsen and take a 15-minute taxi ride from there.

If you think Tokyo is just about ultra-modern concrete jungles, think again. While many historic areas were destroyed during the war, a few pockets still exist and can be easily explored if you know where to look.

yanaka ginza in tokyo

Yanaka, just 2 stations from Ueno, is known among locals as one of the few places in Tokyo where one can still feel a nostalgic ambiance. The area offers quite a few attractions, including Yanaka Ginza which has plenty of family-run shops – a huge contrast from the more well-known Ginza of Tokyo.

The area around Yanaka has more than seventy temples.  Tennoji Temple  is the largest and was built in the 13th century.

In the edge of Yanaka, you will find the Ueno Sakuragi Atari . It’s a complex consisting of three buildings that date back from the pre-war Showa era. Aside from having plenty of photo opportunities to capture the retro side of Tokyo, the venue has also been transformed into a multi-concept space where you can chill and have a beer or enjoy some freshly baked pastries.

How to get there: The nearest station to Yanaka is Nippori Station in Tokyo.

Practicalities

Medical expenses in Japan can be high so it’s best to get covered with travel insurance when visiting. Chubb offers travel insurance cover, with overseas medical expenses benefit as well as unlimited coverage for emergency and repatriation, at a competitive price. The plans also include coverage for trip cancellation or curtailment, including due to COVID-19, as well as coverage for travel delays of as little as 4 hours. Most insurance plans give cash compensation for delays of 6 hours or more. Additionally, their travel insurance cover is customisable with optional add-on benefits (e.g. cancellation of overseas wedding photoshoot, skiing, adventurous sports etc.) to suit your travel needs. You can find out more here .

This post is written in collaboration with Chubb Insurance Singapore Limited.

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Hi, my name is Bino and I started I Wander around 15 years ago with the aim of sharing about some of my personal journeys and experiences, hoping that the information may benefit readers like yourselves. Let me know your thoughts by leaving a comment below. Alternatively, you can also email me at b i n o (at) iwandered.net. You can follow I Wander on Facebook , Telegram , or Instagram . Also, if you liked this article, please feel free to SHARE or RETWEET

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